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Patent

Inverter integrated instrumentation having a current-voltage curve tracer

TLDR
In this article, the authors proposed a method for determining photovoltaic module temperature by combining irradiance data, input DC current and voltage measurements and the knowledge that the inverter is operating at a known point on a module IV curve for a given set of temperature and irradiance conditions.
Abstract
An inverter includes a first switch to disconnect an output of the inverter from any device connected thereto, a second switch to disconnect and connect an input of the inverter from direct current fed to the inverter, and a discharge device to discharge any residual charge on a large capacitor. The inverter further includes a voltage sensor to measure input DC voltage to the inverter, a current sensor to measure input DC current to the inverter and a data recorder to provide a current voltage trace to provide a current-voltage curve tracer to provide current-voltage properties of the solar array to which the inverter is attached. The inverter is capable of reproducibly operating at the same point on a module IV curve for a given set of temperature and irradiance conditions. By coupling a temperature sensor to the inverter, photovoltaic module temperature can be measured and combined with the data from the input DC current and voltage sensors and information on the photovoltaic module operating characteristics to compute solar plane-of-array irradiance. Also described is a method for ascertaining photovoltaic module temperature by combining irradiance data, input DC current and voltage measurements and the knowledge that the inverter is operating at a known point on an IV curve. The inverter also includes AC current and voltage sensors for computing inverter output total harmonic distortion.

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Citations
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References
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Patent

Method of and apparatus for enabling output power of solar panel to be maximised

TL;DR: In this article, the power supplied by a photovoltaic solar panel to a load is controlled by monitoring the slope of the panel voltage vs. current characteristic and adjusting the current supplied by the panel to the load so that the slope is approximately unity.
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Maximum power tracker

TL;DR: In this paper, a buck regulator or impedance converter is described for operating a current limited power supply such as a photovoltaic array at or near its maximum power point, which is achieved at the compliance voltage which is an almost constant voltage, and means for sensing the voltage at the input of the regulator and using this sensed voltage to control a logic circuit which, in turn, controls the duty cycle of a switching transistor.
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Coupling network for improving conversion efficiency of photovoltaic power source

TL;DR: In this article, a switching network for improving the conversion efficiency of a photovoltaic power supply comprises a variable coupling circuit for coupling an array of PV cells to a load resistance.
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Electric motor running system employing photovoltaic array

TL;DR: In this article, an electric motor running system consisting of a photovoltaic array, an inverter for inverting output voltage of the array to AC voltage and automatically controlled so that the frequency is changed in accordance with the output voltage, maintaining the ratio of the voltage to the frequency at a constant value, an induction motor operated by application of the AC voltage from the inverter, and a frequency increasing circuit for increasing the output frequency of the inverters instantaneously so that motor produces the torque larger than the load starting torque when the motor is started and further decreasing the increased