Patent
Method and apparatus employing received independent magnetic field components of a transmitted alternating magnetic field for determining location
Louis H. Rorden,Thomas C. Moore +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, the relative position of the transmitter and the receiver is calculated with respect to some known survey station by a method of successive approximations, and the operating frequency is chosen to minimize field distortion from common steel structures, such as pipe, casing or railroad tracks.Abstract:
The location method uses relatively low frequency electromagnetic fields, e.g., 1-1000 Hz, for determining the relative position and/or orientation of a transmitting magnetic dipole antenna by using a vector field receiver. The transmitting antenna for subterranean location, is preferably a single axis, elongated solenoid with a ferromagnetic core. The receiving sensor may be a precise three-axis magnetic field detector of either a magnetometer or search coil type. Measurements are made for one or more positions of either the transmitter or receiver, or with one or more transmitters or receivers. The relative location of the transmitter and the receiver is calculated with respect to some known survey station by a method of successive approximations. The operating frequency is chosen to minimize field distortion from common steel structures, such as pipe, casing or railroad tracks, and to minimize field scattering such as from conducting inhomogeneities in the earth. Either the transmitter or receiver can be operated within metal structures such as casing. The method can be used for location of underground boreholes or pipelines; location of trapped miners; as a means of blind surveying such as in underground mines; or as a means of navigation such as in relatively shallow horizontal or vertical drilling and tunneling or in raise bore mining.read more
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References
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Patent
Remote object position locater
TL;DR: In this paper, three mutually orthogonal radiating antennas each transmit electromagnetic radiation to three mutually-orthogonal receiving antennas, and the transmitted electromagnetic radiation carries data characterizing the phase of the electromagnetic radiation.
Patent
Object tracking and orientation determination means, system and process
TL;DR: In this article, the maximum intensity vector of a magnetic field produced by the currents in the coils is sensed in at least two orthogonal directions at the object to be tracked and whose orientation is to be determined.
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Remote object position and orientation locator
TL;DR: In this paper, an approach for determining the position and orientation of a remote object relative to a reference coordinate frame is described. But it is not shown how to apply it to the radiating means electrical signals which generate a plurality of electromagnetic fields, and it is assumed that the far-field components of the electromagnetic fields are substantially greater in magnitude than the near-field component of the electro-magnetic fields.
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Tracking and determining orientation of object using coordinate transformation means, system and process
TL;DR: In this article, an electromagnetic field which nutates about a pointing vector is used to both track or locate a remote object, in addition to determining the relative orientation of the object.
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Wireless subterranean signaling method
TL;DR: In this article, a relatively low frequency wireless electromagnetic communication link is established through a subterranean lossy medium such as ground or water by launching and propagating magnetic waves of generally vertical magnetic polarization through the intervening subterranean region of earth or water between a pair of magnetic dipole antennas.