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Method and apparatus for pressurizing hot-isostatic pressure vessels

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TLDR
In this paper, a method and apparatus for the rapid, high-capacity pressurization of hot-isostatic pressing vessels, specifically of the type adapted for the Hot-Isostatic Pressing of Alloy shapes from powder metallurgy alloy charges, is presented.
Abstract
A method and apparatus for the rapid, high-capacity pressurization of hot-isostatic pressing vessels, specifically of the type adapted for the hot-isostatic pressing of alloy shapes from powder metallurgy alloy charges. This is achieved by pressurizing with argon gas which is obtained by pumping cryogenic liquid argon at relatively low pressure to a relatively higher pressure and vaporizing said pumped liquid argon to produce said gas, which gas after use in the vessel for compacting is reclaimed and reliquefied for reuse.

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References
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High temperature gas isostatic pressing of crystalline bodies having impermeable surfaces

Edward A Bush
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the only porosity remaining in the body is closed porosity, while the rest of the body's porosity is covered by a closed-porosity.
Patent

Closed fluid system pressurization

TL;DR: In this article, a closed fluid system is pressurized by using a fluid pump instead of a cover gas in nuclear reactor closed fluid systems where the fluid is a liquid metal, electromagnetic pumps can be used.