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Methods and apparatus for submerged combustion (with air pollution control)

TLDR
In this article, the authors proposed a method for the discharge of products of combustion from the combustion chamber of a submerged burner into and through the body of a heat-sensitive solution, handled in such manner as to reduce air pollution resulting from the practice of the submerged combustion process with respect to the given solution, as well as improve the effectiveness of the burner, per se, and the submerged combustion process.
Abstract
Improvements in submerged combustion evaporators and heaters particularly adapted to the heating and evaporation of various heat sensitive solutions, including both methods and apparatus therefor; Improved apparatus and methods for the discharge of products of combustion from the combustion chamber of a submerged burner into and through the body of a heat-sensitive solution, said discharge handled in such manner as to reduce air pollution resulting from the practice of the submerged combustion process with respect to the given solution, as well as improve the effectiveness of the burner, per se, and the submerged combustion process.

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Citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a two-stage heat recovery submerged combustion heating system with a lowered self-cooling combustion chamber and a two stage heat recovery system is described. But the system can be installed singly or in combination with other similar submerged combustion systems to heat large quantities of liquids and liquid-solid solutions.
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Two-stage heat recovery for submerged combustion heating system

TL;DR: In this article, a two-stage heat recovery submerged combustion heating system with a lowered self-cooling combustion chamber and a two stage heat recovery system is described. But the system can be installed singly or in combination with other similar submerged combustion systems to heat large quantities of liquids and liquid-solid solutions.
References
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Process and apparatus for utilizing submerged combustion

TL;DR: In this paper, a closed system with a burner and a booster pump is described, where the burner outlet is surrounded by an open-bottomed annular chamber to which air, nitrogen, steam or other material is supplied.