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Patent

Output buffer with switchable output impedance

Gopal Raghavan, +1 more
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TLDR
An output buffer with a switchable output impedance designed for driving a terminated signal line is presented in this article. But the buffer is not designed to be used for a memory system, as it is not suitable for such a system.
Abstract
An output buffer with a switchable output impedance designed for driving a terminated signal line. The buffer includes a drive circuit, and a means for switching the output impedance of the drive circuit between a first, relatively low output impedance when the output buffer is operated in a ‘normal’ mode, and a second output impedance which is greater than the first output impedance when operated in a ‘standby’ mode. By increasing the drive circuit's output impedance while in ‘standby’ mode, power dissipation due to the termination resistor is reduced. When used in a memory system, additional power savings may be realized by arranging the buffer such that the increased impedance in ‘standby’ mode shifts the signal line voltage so as to avoid the voltage range over which a line receiver's power consumption is greatest.

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Citations
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References
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Bi-directional output buffer

TL;DR: In this paper, a bi-directional output buffer includes active termination and separate driving and receiving impedances, and the buffer is configured such that resistive components are shared in both the driving and the receiving modes.
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TL;DR: In this article, a variable impedance driver network comprises a plurality of transmission gates connected in parallel between a voltage source and an output, each transmission gate has a predetermined nominal impedance and by turning on selective gates the overall impedance of the network may be adjusted to match that required at the output.
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Output buffer with time varying source impedance for driving capacitively-terminated transmission lines

TL;DR: In this paper, the output buffer for driving a capacitivelyterminated transmission line produces a waveform which comprises a first portion during which the waveform transitions from a voltage V1 to a voltageV2, a second portion while the buffer remains fixed at V2; a third portion while it transitions from V2 to V3, and a fourth portion during the buffer's remaining fixed position at V3.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the memory bus line is terminated with one or more transistors of an output buffer that are used to drive the memorybus line during a memory write, and a machine-readable medium is described.
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TL;DR: In this article, a buffer driver, driving signals with edge transitions onto a transmission line is controlled to improve slew rate and glitch termination by controlling the driver to have a low impedance during a period when edge transitions are taking place.