Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Compounds

Permeable Reactive Barriers of Iron and Other Zero-Valent Metals

The aerobic and anaerobic degradation of phenol and selected chlorophenols was examined in a clay loam soil containing no added nutrients. A simple, efficient procedure based on the high solubility of these compounds in 95% ethanol was developed for extracting phenol and chlorophenol residues from soil. Analysis of soil extracts with UV spectrophotometry showed that phenol,o-chlorophenol,p-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,6-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol were rapidly degraded, whilem-chlorophenol, 3,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol were degraded very slowly by microorganisms in aerobically-incubated soil at 23°C. Both 3,4,5-trichlorophenol and 2,3,4,5-tetra chlorophenol appeared to be more resistant to degradation by aerobic soil microorganisms at 23°C. None of the compounds examined were degraded by microorganisms in anaerobically-incubated soil at 23°C. Direct microscopic observation revealed that phenol and selected chlorophenols stimulated aerobic and to a lesser extent, anaerobic microbial growth in soil, and aerobic soil bacteria were responsible for the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol in aerobically-incubated soil at 23°C. Phenol,o-chlorophenol,m-chlorophenol,p-chlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol underwent rapid non-biological degradation in sterile silica sand. Non-biological decomposition contributed, perhaps substantially, to the removal of some chlorophenols from sterile aerobically-incubated soil and both sterile and non-sterile anaerobically-incubated soil.

Microbial and non-biological decomposition of chlorophenols and phenol in soil

Chemical reduction and oxidation combined with biodegradation for the treatment of a textile dye wastewater

background

Quantitative analysis of fatty acid precursors in marine samples direct conversion of wax ester alcohols and dimethylacetals to FAMEs

In the series of reagents used in heterogeneous oxidation reactions, active manganese dioxide has acquired a prominent place among such oxidants as copper oxide, mercury(II) oxide, silver oxide, lead dioxide, sodium bismuthate, 1–3 nickel peroxide, 4, 5 manganese(III) acetate, 6, 7 silver carbonate on Celite, 8 seloxcette9 (chromic anhydride intercalated in graphite), and the recently introduced potassium permanganate on molecular sieves10 and barium manganate (BaMnO4).11, 12 The last two reagents10, 11 may be efficient oxidants for the conversion of alcohols into carbonyl compounds (under mild conditions).

Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Compounds

Citations

Permeable Reactive Barriers of Iron and Other Zero-Valent Metals

Microbial and non-biological decomposition of chlorophenols and phenol in soil

Chemical reduction and oxidation combined with biodegradation for the treatment of a textile dye wastewater

Quantitative analysis of fatty acid precursors in marine samples direct conversion of wax ester alcohols and dimethylacetals to FAMEs

The Oxidation of Organic Compounds by Active Manganese Dioxide

Related Papers (5)

Mechanism of Oxidation of Organic Compounds.

Oxidation and reduction potentials of organic compounds

Oxidation Reduction Potentials of Organic Systems

Catalytic oxidation of organic compounds

Kinetics of Oxidation of Organic Compounds