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Referenda voting in Portugal, 1998: The effects of party sympathies, social structure and pressure groups1
Andrés Freire,Michael Baum +1 more
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In this paper, the authors examined abstention and vote choice in the 1998 Portuguese referendums, analysing the role of political parties, social structural factors and pressure groups on those phenomena.Abstract:
According to numerous recent cross-national studies of public support for democ- racy, citizens of both well-established and newer democracies continue to share a strong commitment to the ideals and principles of representative democracy. Paradoxically, however, these same citizens are increasingly 'critical' of and 'dissatisfied' with the per- formance of their national democratic institutions. One response has been to call for the 're-invention of government' through the use of referendums and ballot initiatives. This article explores what happens when the national referendum was introduced in Portugal in 1998 - a polity that only recently consolidated its transition to democracy. We examine in some depth the context under which the referendum was introduced and its results in terms of electoral behaviour. The main goals are to explain both abstention and vote choice in the 1998 Portuguese referendums, analysing the role of political parties, social structural factors and pressure groups on those phenomena.read more
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Direct Democracy Worldwide
TL;DR: Direct democracy is much more than a simple, pragmatic second choice when representative democracy seems not to be working as expected as mentioned in this paper, and the promise of direct democracy should not be dismissed.
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Disaffected democrats: Political attitudes and political action in Portugal
TL;DR: In Portugal, three decades after the fall of the Portuguese authoritarian regime, support for democracy has become widespread among the mass public as mentioned in this paper, however, similarities between Portugal and other more establi...
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The Europeanization of Regions in Eastern and Western Europe: Theoretical Perspectives
Roland Sturm,Ju¨rgen Dieringer +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a theoretical framework for the Europeanization of regional policy-making as well as for the impact of Europeanization on regional societies is developed for the future fabric of societies and regional political exchange.
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Democracia directa en el continente americano: ¿autolegitimación gubernamental o censura ciudadana?
TL;DR: The authors analyzes whether mechanisms of direct democracy initiated by the executive branch of government in the Americas independently of the subject in question tend to systematically favor the government; or, if citizens take it as an opportunity to casta vote of censorship on the government.
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“Bowling Alone: America’s Declining Social Capital”
TL;DR: Putnam as discussed by the authors showed that crucial factors such as social trust are eroding rapidly in the United States and offered some possible explanations for this erosion and concluded that the work needed to consider these possibilities more fully.
Journal Article
Bowling alone, america's declining of social capital
TL;DR: The Johns Hopkins University Press is committed to respecting the needs of scholars as discussed by the authors, and return of that respect is requested. But no copies of the below work may be distributed electronically, in whole or in part, outside of their campus network without express permission (permissions@muse.jhu.edu).
Posted Content
Choices, Values, and Frames
Daniel Kahneman,Amos Tversky +1 more
TL;DR: Prospect theory as mentioned in this paper is an alternative to the classical utility theory of choice, and has been used to explain many complex, real-world puzzles, such as the principles of legal compensation, the equity premium puzzle in financial markets, and the number of hours that New York cab drivers choose to drive on rainy days.
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Choices, Values, and Frames
Daniel Kahneman,Amos Tversky +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the cognitive and psychophysical determinants of choice in risky and risk- less contexts are discussed, and the relation between decision values and experience values is discussed, as well as an approach to risky choice that sketches an approach for decision making that can be seen as the acceptance of a gamble that can yield various outcomes with different probabilities.
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Participation and democratic theory
TL;DR: In this article, the sence of political efficacy and participation in the workplace is discussed. But it is not discussed in detail, and the authors do not discuss the role of workers' self-management in this process.