Space aliens and nonwords: stimuli for investigating the learning of novel word-meaning pairs.
Prahlad Gupta,John Lipinski,Brandon Abbs,Po-Han Lin,Emrah Aktunc,David Ludden,Nadine Martin,Rochelle S. Newman +7 more
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A set of pictorial and auditory stimuli that are developed for use in word learning tasks in which the participant learns pairings of novel auditory sound patterns (names) with pictorial depictions of novel objects (referents).Abstract:
We describe a set of pictorial and auditory stimuli that we have developed for use in word learning tasks in which the participant learns pairings of novel auditory sound patterns (names) with pictorial depictions of novel objects (referents). The pictorial referents are drawings of "space aliens," consisting of images that are variants of 144 different aliens. The auditory names are possible nonwords of English; the stimulus set consists of over 2,500 nonword stimuli recorded in a single voice, with controlled onsets, varying from one to seven syllables in length. The pictorial and nonword stimuli can also serve as independent stimulus sets for purposes other than word learning. The full set of these stimuli may be downloaded from www.psychonomic.org/archive/.read more
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Lexical configuration and lexical engagement: When adults learn new words
Laura Leach,Arthur G. Samuel +1 more
TL;DR: This work explores how new words get added to the mental lexicon, and provides empirical support for a theoretical distinction between what it is called lexical configuration and lexical engagement.
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The left posterior superior temporal gyrus participates specifically in accessing lexical phonology
TL;DR: The left pSTG demonstrated significant effects independently in both fMRI experiments, suggesting that this area participates specifically in accessing lexical phonology.
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Does Phonological Short-Term Memory Causally Determine Vocabulary Learning? Toward a Computational Resolution of the Debate.
Prahlad Gupta,Jamie Tisdale +1 more
TL;DR: The relationship between nonword repetition ability and vocabulary size and vocabulary learning has been a topic of intense research interest and investigation over the last two decades, following the demonstration that non-word repetition accuracy is predictive of vocabulary size as mentioned in this paper.
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Effects of classroom bilingualism on task-shifting, verbal memory, and word learning in children.
TL;DR: Findings indicate that while exposure to a second language in a classroom setting may not be sufficient to engender changes in cognitive control, it can facilitate verbal memory and verbal learning.
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Concreteness effects in bilingual and monolingual word learning.
TL;DR: The results suggest that bilingual advantages for word learning may be rooted, at least in part, in bilinguals’ greater sensitivity to semantic information during learning.
References
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Recognizing Spoken Words: The Neighborhood Activation Model
Paul A. Luce,David B. Pisoni +1 more
TL;DR: A model of auditory word recognition, the neighborhood activation model, was proposed, which describes the effects of similarity neighborhood structure on the process of discriminating among the acoustic‐phonetic representations of words in memory.
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TL;DR: The authors found that within-nonword primacy and recency effects are attributable to common sequencing mechanisms that are shared with immediate list recall, and that the serial position effects generalize to different stimuli and across a variety of stimulus lengths.
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Phonological memory and vocabulary learning in children with focal lesions.
TL;DR: The results support previous reports that there are persistent processing impairments following early brain injury, and suggest that word learning, non-word repetition, and immediate serial recall may be relatively demanding tasks, and that their relationship is a fundamental aspect of the cognitive system.
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Does neighborhood density influence repetition latency for nonwords? Separating the effects of density and duration
John Lipinski,Prahlad Gupta +1 more
TL;DR: The authors examined the effect of neighborhood density on repetition latency for nonwords and found that there was no relationship between neighborhood density and stimulus duration for nonword repetition latency, and either no effect of neighbourhood density or a latency advantage for low density rather than high density nonwords.