Journal ArticleDOI
Technology transfer patterns and industrialization in LDCs: a study of licensing in Costa Rica
TLDR
The U.N. Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA) of import-substitution industrialization and integration policies was used to stimulate employment and technological development, and to alleviate the balance-of-payments difficulties resulting from deteriorating terms of trade as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
Industrialization efforts in Central America started in the post–World War II period, partly as a result of advocacy by the U.N. Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA) of import-substitution industrialization and integration policies. Import-substitution industrialization was expected to stimulate employment and technological development, and to alleviate the balance-of-payments difficulties resulting from deteriorating terms of trade. From the beginning, import-substitution industrialization was linked to the creation of the Central American Common Market (CACM), which was expected to encourage industrialization through the formation of larger markets and through protectionist policies. But integration's final form abandoned many of the policies advocated by ECLA, particularly those relating to planning and treatment of foreign actors. Instead, the 1960 integration agreements emphasized “free trade” and the rapid creation of a customs union. The Central American Common Market provided an opening to foreign capital, which was encouraged, rather indiscriminately, through protection and fiscal incentives.read more
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A World Divided
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider what unexploited possibilities might be open to the less developed countries, both jointly and individually, in international affairs, which would generate a more equitable outcome.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Security Environment and China’s Strategy for Technological Advancement: Between Technological Dependence and Technological Autonomy
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that when the security environment intensifies, the strategy of technological autonomy prevails, while when China' security environment relaxes, it is inclined to adopt technological dependence as the alternative strategy.
Book
Joint Venture Agreements in the Qatari Gas Industry: A Theoretical and an Empirical Analysis
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the reasons for the choice of joint venture agreements provided by international oil companies in the Qatari gas industry and explored the organisational culture as constituting three structures of rules and resources: domination, signification, and legitimation.
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Can Chinese foreign direct investment promote industrialization in African countries
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the relationship between Chinese foreign direct investment and industrialization for 41 African countries over the period 2003-2015, based on System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM).
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Dependency and development in Latin America
TL;DR: The theory of imperialist capitalism has so far attained its most significant treatment in Lenin's works as discussed by the authors, not only because Lenin attempts to explain transformations of the capitalist economies that occurrred during the last decade of the nineteenth century and the first decade of twenty-five years of the twentieth, but also because of the political and historical implications contained in his interpretations.
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El desarrollo económico de la América Latina y algunos de sus principales problemas = The economic development of Latin America and its principal problems
Book
The political economy of development and underdevelopment
TL;DR: In this article, Amartya K. Sen discusses the misconceptions of "developmental economics", Deepak Lal conventional foolishness and overall ignorance - current approaches to global transformation and development, Gerald Helleiner toward a non ethnocentric theory of development - alternative conceptions from the Third World, Howard H. Wiarda.