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The Chemistry of Linear Oligopyrroles and Bile Pigments
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In this article, the authors present a list of structural and structural aspects of linear Oligopyrroles, including the following: 5.1.1, 5.2.3.Abstract:
1. Introduction.- 2. Nomenclature.- 3. Occurrence, Formation, and Importance.- 4. Historical Aspects.- 5. Structure and Stereochemistry.- 5.1. General Considerations.- 5.1.1. Definitions.- Constitution.- Tautomerism.- Configuration.- Conformation.- Association.- 5.1.2. Energetics, Interconversions, Interdependencies.- 5.1.3. Methods of Structural Analysis.- Crystalline Materials.- Amorphous Materials.- Solutions.- 5.1.4. Principal Considerations on Structural Aspects of Linear Oligopyrroles.- Bipyrroles.- Bipyrrolylidenes.- Dipyrrins (Pyrromethenes).- Dipyrrinones (Pyrromethenones).- 5,10-Dihydrodipyrrins (Dipyrrylmethanes).- Dihydrodipyrrinones (Dihydropyrromethenones).- Tetrahydrodipyrrinones (Tetrahydropyrromethenones).- Prodigiosenes.- Tripyrrinones.- 1,19-Dioxobilins.- Dihydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxobiladienes-ac.- Dihydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxobiladienes-ab.- Dihydrobilins:1,19-Dioxo-2,3-dihydrobilins.- Tetrahydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxobilenes-b.- Tetrahydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxo-2,3-dihydrobiladienes-ab.- Hexahydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxobilanes.- Hexahydrobilins: Bilanes.- Secocorrins.- 1,19-Dioxo-10-nor-bilins and 1,19-Dioxo-10-nor-biladienes-ac.- Pentapyrrins.- 5.2. Structural Aspects of Linear Dipyrroles.- 5.2.1. Bipyrroles, Bipyrrolylidenes, and Analoga.- 5.2.2. Dipyrrins (Pyrromethenes).- 5.2.3. Dipyrrinones (Pyrromethenones) and Analoga.- 5.2.4. 5,10-Dihydrodipyrrins (Dipyrrylmethanes).- 5.2.5. Dihydrodipyrrinones (Dihydropyrromethenones).- 5.2.6. Tetrahydrodipyrrinones (Tetrahydropyrromethenones).- 5.3. Structural Aspects of Linear Tripyrroles.- 5.3.1. Terpyrroles.- 5.3.2. Prodigiosenes.- 5.3.3. Tripyrrinones and Analoga.- 5.4. Structural Aspects of Linear Tetrapyrroles.- 5.4.1. 1,19-Dioxobilins and Bilins.- 5.4.2. Dihydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxo-2,3-dihydrobilins.- 5.4.3. Dihydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxobiladienes-ac.- 5.4.4. Dihydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxobiladienes-ab.- 5.4.5. Tetrahydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxo-2,3-dihydrobiladienes-ab.- 5.4.6. Tetrahydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxobilenes-b.- 5.4.7. Tetrahydrobilins: Secocorphins.- 5.4.8. Hexa- and Octahydrobilins.- 5.4.9. Secocorrins.- 5.4.10. 1,19-Dioxo-l0-nor- Bilins and Biladienes-ac.- 5.5. Structural Aspects of Linear Oligopyrroles Containing Five or More Rings.- 5.5.1. Pentapyrrins.- 5.5.2. Hexapyrrins and Higher Homologues.- 5.5.3. Polypyrrole.- 6. Synthesis.- 6.1. Principal Considerations.- 6.2. Synthesis of Linear Dipyrroles.- 6.2.1. Bipyrroles, Bipyrrolylidenes, and Analoga.- 6.2.2. Dipyrrins (Pyrromethenes) and Analoga.- 6.2.3. Dipyrrinones (Pyrromethenones) and Analoga.- 6.2.4. 5,10-Dihydrodipyrrins (Dipyrrylmethanes).- 6.2.5. Dihydrodipyrrinones (Dihydropyrromethenones).- 6.2.6. Tetrahydrodipyrrinones (Tetrahydropyrromethenones).- 6.2.7. Miscellaneous Dipyrroles.- 6.3. Synthesis of Linear Tripyrroles.- 6.4. Synthesis of Linear Tetrapyrroles.- 6.4.1. 1,19-Dioxobilins and Bilins.- 6.4.2. Dihydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxo-2,3-dihydrobilins.- 6.4.3. Dihydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxobiladienes-ac.- 6.4.4. Dihydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxobiladienes-ab.- 6.4.5. Tetrahydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxo-2,3-dihydrobiladienes-ab.- 6.4.6. Tetrahydrobilins: 1,19-Dioxobilenes-b.- 6.4.7. Tetrahydrobilins: Secocorphins.- 6.4.8. Hexahydrobilins and Octahydrobilins.- 6.4.9. Secocorrins.- 6.4.10. 1,19-Dioxo-l0-nor- Bilins and Biladienes-ac.- 6.5. Synthesis of Linear Pentapyrroles and Higher Homologues.- 6.6. Transformations of Functional Groups Attached to Linear Oligopyrroles.- 7. Selected Physical Properties.- 7.1. Crystallization, Melting, Solubility.- 7.2. Light Absorption.- 7.3. Chiroptical Properties.- 7.4. Light Emission.- 7.5. Vibrational Spectroscopy.- 7.6. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.- 7.7. Mass Spectra.- 8. Reactions.- 8.1. Photochemistry.- 8.2. Protonation - Deprotonation.- 8.3. Coordination (Carrier Mediated Transport).- 8.4. Nucleophilic, Electrophilic, and Radical Reactivity of Linear Oligopyrroles.- 8.5. Substitution Reactions.- 8.6. Addition Reactions.- 8.7. Skeletal Transformations.- 8.8. Reduction - Oxidation.- 8.9. Linear Oligopyrroles as Catalysts.- References.- Author Index.read more
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