The impact of legal and extra-legal factors on severity of judges sentencing regarding narcotics offenders
TLDR
In this paper , the recidivism factors among drug offenders were investigated and the utilization of ordinary least squares (log-level regression) was used to explain how judge sentencing varies as a response to the legal and extralegal factors of drug offenders.Abstract:
The current study attempts to explain how judge sentencing varies as a response to the legal and extralegal factors of drug offenders. The variables of interest in this research are the recidivism factors among drug offenders. The utilization of ordinary least squares (log-level regression) gives results that mostly coincide with prior studies. However, the empirical evidence found indicates that the roles, gender, religion, and birthplaces of offenders reveal a different fact. This paper acknowledges the limitations related to the data of ethnicity, judge characteristics, and demographic situation in each province. Hence, this model could be improved in future research.read more
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Introductory econometrics : a modern approach
TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-modelling framework for Multiple Regression Analysis with Qualitative Information: Binary (or Dummy) Variables and Two Stage Least Squares, and discusses Serial Correlation and Heteroskedasticity in Time Series Regressions.
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Judgment and Decision Making in Adolescence
Dustin Albert,Laurence Steinberg +1 more
Abstract: In this article, we review the most important findings to have emerged during the past 10 years in the study of judgment and decision making (JDM) in adolescence and look ahead to possible new directions in this burgeoning area of research. Three inter-related shifts in research emphasis are of particular importance and serve to organize this review. First, research grounded in normative models of JDM has moved beyond the study of age differences in risk perception and toward a dynamic account of the factors predicting adolescent decisions. Second, the field has seen widespread adoption of dual-process models of cognitive development that describe 2 relatively independent modes of information processing, typically contrasting an analytic (cold) system with an experiential (hot) one. Finally, there has been an increase in attention to the social, emotional, and self-regulatory factors that influence JDM. This shift in focus reflects the growing influence of findings from developmental neuroscience, which describe a pattern of structural and functional maturation that may set the stage for a heightened propensity to make risky decisions in adolescence.
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The Independent and Joint Effects of Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Age on Sentencing Outcomes in U.S. Federal Courts
Jill K. Doerner,Stephen Demuth +1 more
TL;DR: This paper examined the independent and joint effects of race/ethnicity, gender, and age on sentencing decisions in U.S. federal courts and found that young Hispanic male defendants have the highest odds of incarceration and young black male defendants receive the longest sentences.
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Age differences in sentencing
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Women Coming Home: Long‐Term Patterns of Recidivism
TL;DR: This article found that women who are drug dependent, have less education, or have more extensive criminal histories are more likely to fail on parole and to recidivate more quickly during the eight year follow-up period.