The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
Charles D. Spielberger,Fernando Gonzalez-Reigosa,Angel Martinez-Urrutia,Luiz F. S. Natalicio,Diana S. Natalicio +4 more
TLDR
The Spanish version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was translated into Spanish with the assistance of psychologists from 10 different Latin Ameriaconic countries as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
The goal of this study was to describe the construction of scales for measuring- state (A-State) and trait (A-Trait) anxiety that would be suitable for use in interamerican, cross-cultural research. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, et al., 1970) was translated into Spanish with the assistance of psychologists from 10 different Latin American countries. To evaluate the reliability and equivalence of the Spanish and English forms of the STAI, these scales were given in counterbalanced order to bilingual 5s in Texas and Puerto Rico. In both samples, high item- remainder correlations and alpha coefficients ranging from .82 to .95 established the internal consistency of the Spanish A-State and A-Trait scales. Evidence of the equivalence of these scales was provided by correlations between the Spanish and English forms that ranged from .83 to .94. High test-retest reliability was also found for the Spanish A-Trait scale but not for the A-State scale. As expected, the A-State scale was influenced by transitory situational stress, whereas the A-Trait scale was stable over time. It was concluded that the Spanish STAI provides internally consistent and reliable scales for measuring state and trait anxiety which are essentially equivalent to the English STAI A-State and A-Trait scales.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Brain networks during free viewing of complex erotic movie: new insights on psychogenic erectile dysfunction.
Nicoletta Cera,Ezio Domenico Di Pierro,Antonio Ferretti,Armando Tartaro,Gian Luca Romani,Mauro Gianni Perrucci +5 more
TL;DR: The performed ICA showed that visual network (VN), default-mode network (DMN), fronto-parietal network (FPN) and salience network (SN) were spatially consistent across EDp and HC, however, between-group differences in functional connectivity were observed in the DMN and in the SN.
Journal ArticleDOI
Smoking Cravings Are Reduced by Self-Massage
TL;DR: The present findings suggest that self-massage may be an effective adjunct treatment for adults attempting smoking cessation to alleviate smoking-related anxiety, reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms, improve mood, and reduce the number of cigarettes smoked.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spatial navigation impairment in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy: evidence from a new virtual reality-based task.
TL;DR: It is suggested that the integrity of temporal structures in both hemispheres could be critical to spatial learning and memory and support the spatial component of the task.
Journal ArticleDOI
The facial massage reduced anxiety and negative mood status, and increased sympathetic nervous activity.
TL;DR: It was concluded that the facial massage might refresh the subjects by reducing their psychological distress and activating the sympathetic nervous system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of an Intervention to Reduce Procedural Pain and Distress for Children With HIV Infection
TL;DR: With repeated exposure, a multicomponent pain management intervention, including cognitive behavioral strategies and EMLA, appears effective at reducing pain, distress, and parent anxiety for children with HIV.