Journal ArticleDOI
The Structure and Transport of the Gulf Stream at 73°W
Daniel Halkin,Tom Rossby +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, the Pegasus instrument was used along a transect crossing the Gulf Stream at 73°W to estimate the mean temperature and velocity fields of the upper 2000 meters, and a comparison with mass flux measurements obtained by previous investigators at Cape Fear indicated that the addition to the transport of the Stream in the region was uniform with depth above 800 meters.Abstract:
Between September 1980 and May 1983, 16 sections of temperature and velocity were obtained with the Pegasus instrument along a transect crossing the Gulf Stream at 73°W. The mean temperature and velocity fields of the upper 2000 meters were calculated. The transport above 2000 meters calculated from the sections had a mean of 87.8 (± 17.3) × 106 m3 s−1. A comparison with mass flux measurements obtained by previous investigators at Cape Fear indicated that the addition to the transport of the Stream in the region was uniform with depth above 800 meters. The mean inflow measured at the Pegasus line was found to be uniform above 800 meters and to decrese substantially below this depth. The increase in transport at the line estimated from the mean cross-stream velocity field was 15.4 (± 5.8) × 106 m3 s−1 per 100 km downstream distance. The temporal fluctuation of the Pegasus transport measurements was consistent with an annual cycle with a maximum in April. The mean eddy kinetic energy at the surface...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
On the North Atlantic Circulation
TL;DR: A summary for North Atlantic circulation is proposed to replace the circulation scheme hypothesized by Worthington in 1976 as discussed by the authors, where divergences from the previous model are in thermohaline circulation, crossequatorical transport and Florida Current sources, flow in the eastern Atlantic, circulation in the Newfoundland Basin, slope water currents, and flow pattern near the Bahamas.
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Temporal variations in the separation of Brazil and Malvinas Currents
TL;DR: In this article, the location of the Brazil and Malvinas (Falkland) boundary currents from the continental margin over a multi-year period is determined by digitizing the crossing of the surface thermal front indicative of each feature with the 1000 m isobath.
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A coupled atmosphere‐ocean model for transient climate change studies
TL;DR: In this article, a coupled atmosphere-ocean model was developed for climate predictions at decade to century scales, which is similar to that of Hansen et al. (1983) except that the atmospheric dynamic equations for mass and momentum are solved using Arakawa and Lamb's (1977) C grid scheme and the advection of potential enthalpy and water vapour uses the linear upstream scheme (Russell and Lerner, 1981).
Journal ArticleDOI
The Operational GFDL Coupled Hurricane–Ocean Prediction System and a Summary of Its Performance
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the major upgrades to the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) hurricane forecast system since 1998 and report on the GFDL model performance for both track and intensity, focusing particularly on the 2003 through 2006 hurricane seasons.