Preface 1. Human nature 2. Grace (part one) 3. Grace (part two) 4. Trinitarian life 5. Politics 6. Death and sacrifice 7. Workings of the Spirit.

The use of sacrificial ideas in Greek Christian writers from the New Testament to John Chrysostom

Christ the Key

THE TWO GOATS A CHRISTIAN YOM KIPPUR SOTERIOLOGY Richard J. Barry IV Marquette University, 2017 This dissertation draws on recent historical-critical research into ancient Jewish temple theology, the priestly book of Leviticus, and especially the Yom Kippur liturgy of Leviticus 16, to develop a more paradoxical interpretation of Christ’s saving work for modern Christian systematic theology. Prompted by the pioneering research of Jacob Milgrom, there has been a surge in sympathetic interpretations of the priestly theological tradition, which has inspired fresh interpretations of the Levitical Day of Atonement. I argue that an adequate Christian theory of atonement must be attentive to both the overall “landscape” of Jewish biblical thought, and to the specific rhythm of the Yom Kippur liturgy, which clearly distinguishes the “work” of two goats—one elected to be a spotless sacrifice, the other called to bear the sins of Israel into the wilderness. Christian theology should observe this distinction within the united saving work of Jesus Christ. Yet modern interpretations of the cross often implicitly emphasize one “goat” or the other. For example, we find a “goat for the Lord” soteriology in the Anselmian satisfaction tradition, which has been beautifully rearticulated by David Bentley Hart; here Christ’s spotless sacrificial obedience recapitulates creation done well. In the controversial “descent to hell” theology of Hans Urs von Balthasar, on the other hand, there is a “goat for Azazel” soteriology; here Christ as the sin-bearing goat removes impurity to the furthest possible distance from the Father through his saving descent. By seeing Christ as fulfilling the work of both goats in his single act of cruciform love, the Catholic tradition can better draw on the ancient Jewish insight that atonement requires a unifying movement toward the center, to the holy of holies, as well as a removal of sin to the far periphery, the godforsaken exilic wilderness. This work is rooted in the conviction that, first, Christian theology should always honor, and remain in deep conversation with, its Jewish roots, and second, that advances in historical-critical research should be utilized to cultivate a modern theological interpretation of scripture, all in the service of a richer, more ecumenical understanding of the basic paradoxes of Catholic soteriology.

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The two goats: A Christian Yom Kippur soteriology

Preface 1. Christology as natural theology 2. Posing the problems 3. Sharing the horrors 4. Psychologizing the person 5. Recovering the metaphysics 6. Learning the meanings 7. Cosmic coherence: the primacy of Christ 8. Resurrection and renewal 9. Horrors and holocausts, sacrifices and priests 10. Christ in the sacrament of the altar.

Christ and Horrors: The Coherence of Christology

This book provides a comprehensive theological framework for assessing the significance of eating. Drawing on diverse theological, philosophical, and anthropological insights, it offers fresh ways to evaluate food production and consumption practices as they are being worked out in today's industrial food economy. Unlike books that focus primarily on vegetarianism and hunger-related concerns, this book broadens the scope of consideration to include the sacramental character of eating, the deep significance of hospitality, the meaning of death and sacrifice, the Eucharist as the place of inspiration and orientation, the importance of saying grace, and the possibility of eating in heaven. Throughout, eating is presented as a way of enacting fidelity between persons, between people and fellow creatures, and between people and Earth. Food and Faith demonstrates that eating is of profound economic, moral, and spiritual significance. Revised throughout, this edition includes a new introduction and two chapters, as well as updated bibliography. The additions add significantly to the core idea of creaturely membership and hospitality through discussion of the microbiome revolution in science, and the daunting challenge of the Anthropocene.

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Food and Faith: A Theology of Eating

Most Jesus specialists agree that the Temple incident led directly to Jesus' arrest, but the precise relationship between Jesus and the Temple's administration remains unclear. Jesus and the Temple examines this relationship, exploring the reinterpretation of Torah observance and traditional Temple practices that are widely considered central components of the early Jesus movement. Challenging a growing tendency in contemporary scholarship to assume that the earliest Christians had an almost uniformly positive view of the Temple's sacrificial system, Simon J. Joseph addresses the ambiguous, inconsistent, and contradictory views on sacrifice and the Temple in the New Testament. This volume fills a significant gap in the literature on sacrifice in Jewish Christianity. It introduces a new hypothesis positing Jesus' enactment of a program of radically nonviolent eschatological restoration, an orientation that produced Jesus' conflicts with his contemporaries and inspired the first attributions of sacrificial language to his death.

The use of sacrificial ideas in Greek Christian writers from the New Testament to John Chrysostom

Citations

Christ the Key

The two goats: A Christian Yom Kippur soteriology

Christ and Horrors: The Coherence of Christology

Food and Faith: A Theology of Eating

Jesus and the Temple: The Crucifixion in its Jewish Context

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