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Ammonia concentration determination within the typical range found in human breath (500 ppb to 2100 ppb). 


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Ammonia concentration in human breath typically ranges from 500 ppb to 2100 ppb. Various studies have highlighted the significance of breath analysis for diagnosing and monitoring diseases, with ammonia breath analysis emerging as a valuable non-invasive tool. Different sensor technologies have been developed to detect breath components like ammonia, including photonic crystal fibers and mid-infrared sensors, showcasing high sensitivity and accuracy. The detection of breath biomarkers, such as ammonia, can provide insights into biochemical processes within the body, aiding in the early diagnosis of diseases. These advancements in breath analysis technology offer real-time, calibration-free measurements of ammonia levels, facilitating the non-invasive diagnosis of conditions like liver and kidney diseases.

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The calibration-free mid-infrared exhaled breath sensor based on BF-QEPAS can determine ammonia concentrations at ppb levels, making it suitable for measuring typical human breath ranges.
The PCF sensor can detect ammonia gas in human breath within the typical range of 500 ppb to 2100 ppb, making it suitable for medical applications like diagnosing renal failure.
The sensor successfully determined exhaled breath ammonia concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 1.5 ppm (300 to 1500 ppb) in healthy volunteers, demonstrating its effectiveness within the specified range.
Open accessJournal ArticleDOI
Merel J. Lefferts, Martin R. Castell 
01 Jan 2022
1 Citations
Ammonia breath analysis can determine concentrations within the typical human breath range of 500 ppb to 2100 ppb, aiding in disease diagnosis and monitoring through biochemical insights.
The breath ammonia levels in patients with IBS ranged from 5.2 ppm in healthy individuals to 20.8 ppm in IBS-D and 10.4 ppm in IBS-C, exceeding the typical human breath range.

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