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Area under forages crops 


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Forage crops are planted mostly in marginal land or integrated with other crops. Estate crops land is one of the alternative areas for forage crops plantation . In semi-arid areas, forage crops for grazing are suitable for extensive, marginal lands . The growth and leaf area development of two brassica forage crops was studied under four levels of irrigation over a period of 90 days during spring and summer . Forages are integral components of grassland and pasture agro-ecosystem . The lignocellulose in forage crops represents a second generation of biomass feedstock for conversion into energy-related end products . Estimates indicate about 22.3 million ha of cropland, idle cropland, and cropland pasture will be needed for biomass production in 2030 . Converting these lands to large scale cellulosic energy farming could push the traditional forage-livestock industry to ever more marginal lands .

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The text does not provide specific information about the total area under forage crops.
The paper does not provide information about the specific area under forage crops.
The study compared the growth and leaf area development of turnips and rape under different irrigation levels, and found that turnips produced more dry matter yield than rape.
The text does not provide information about the specific area under forage crops in semi-arid areas.
The paper does not provide specific information about the area under forage crops.

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Why 0.5-1.0 hectares are frequently used by corn farmers?5 answersCorn farmers frequently use 0.5-1.0 hectares due to various reasons supported by the research data. The study by Bahtiar et al. demonstrated that farmers engaged in producing hybrid corn seeds in a 1.0 ha area, indicating the practicality and effectiveness of this size for seed production. Additionally, the study by Borines and Gravoso highlighted that farmers in Malaybalay, Bukidnon, were cultivating at least a hectare of corn, showcasing the common farm size among corn farmers. Furthermore, Tsyhanskyi's research emphasized the use of modern biological products on a scale suitable for enhancing corn productivity, which could be efficiently applied on a 0.5-1.0 hectare farm area. Therefore, the utilization of 0.5-1.0 hectares by corn farmers is supported by practicality, common farm sizes, and suitability for implementing productivity-enhancing techniques.
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What are the prospects of perenial crop with forages for livestock?4 answersPerennial forages have the potential to enhance agricultural sustainability and ecological integrity by improving soil health, conserving nutrients, and enhancing biodiversity. They can be integrated into crop-livestock systems to internalize nutrient cycling, provide cultural control of pests, and share resources in a circular-based agroecosystem. The inclusion of tanniferous forages in these systems can further enhance ecosystem services and potentially benefit human health. Livestock producers in Burkina Faso have shown a willingness to pay for improved forages, indicating that producing these forages as cash crops can help meet the growing feed demand. Ecologically-based crop production practices that focus on forage crops in farming systems offer the greatest potential benefits in terms of profitability, environmental sustainability, and resilience. Introducing selected perennial forage species in Ethiopia has the potential to improve soil quality and microbial activity, which is currently degraded due to intensive grazing.
What is a forage fish?4 answersForage fish are small, low trophic level, pelagic fish that play a crucial role in marine ecosystems as prey for higher trophic level species. They include species such as herrings, sardines, and anchovies. Forage fish are important energy conduits, transferring primary and secondary productivity to higher trophic levels. They form hierarchical patch structures and aggregate in surface-level forage fish aggregations (FFAs), which provide concentrated prey sources for surface- and shallow-foraging marine predators. Forage fish are often managed using precautionary principles, targeting catch limits below the maximum sustainable yield. However, the influence of forage fish abundance on predator populations is debated, with limited evidence of prey abundance positively impacting predator productivity. More information on forage fish is needed for ecosystem-based fisheries management, including knowledge gaps in noncommercially exploited species, life history stages, diets, migration, and the effects of climate pressures. The impact of forage fish fisheries on predator populations may be less significant than previously thought, and moderate to high levels of exploitation may help prevent the collapse of piscivorous predators.
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What are the factor that can affect the growth and quality of forage under silvopastoral system?5 answersThe factors that can affect the growth and quality of forage under a silvopastoral system include forage availability and quality, feeding behavior of animals, and the presence of trees in the system. Seasonal variations in forage availability and quality can impact the preference of indigenous goats for different plant species. Woody species are often more selected by animals, regardless of the season. The crude protein content of forage can vary depending on the plant species and season. Silvopastoral systems can also affect soil nutrient status, potentially improving it compared to sole tree/crop systems. Additionally, competition for resources, such as solar radiation, can influence forage growth in silvopastoral systems. However, further improvements are needed in modeling the effects of flowering, animal trampling, and resource competition in these systems.

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