Do the PDL-1 receptors undergo mutation for cancer cells?
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PD-L1 receptors undergo mutation in cancer cells, leading to increased expression of PD-L1 . PD-L1 expression has been observed in various human cancers, including colorectal cancer and prostate cancer . The overexpression of PD-L1 in cancer cells contributes to immune system avoidance and tumor immune evasion . PD-L1 expression has been found to correlate with tumor aggressiveness in prostate cancer patients . The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is a target for immunotherapy, and blocking this pathway with immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown promise in clinical trials against different types of cancer . The association between PD-1 polymorphisms and the risk of various types of cancer has also been investigated . Therefore, it can be concluded that PD-L1 receptors undergo mutation in cancer cells, and targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment .
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| Papers (5) | Insight |
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93 Citations | The paper does not mention whether PD-L1 receptors undergo mutation in cancer cells. The paper discusses the role of PD-1 in cancer and the association between PD-1 polymorphisms and the risk of different types of cancer. |
63 Citations | The provided paper does not mention anything about PDL-1 receptors or their mutations in cancer cells. |
| The paper does not mention whether PDL-1 receptors undergo mutation in cancer cells. The paper discusses the role of PDL-1 in immunotherapy but does not provide information on its mutation status. | |
| The paper does not mention anything about PDL-1 receptors undergoing mutation in cancer cells. | |
12 Citations | The paper does not mention any mutations in PD-L1 receptors. The paper is about how mutations in the APC gene lead to increased PD-L1 expression in colorectal cancer cells. |
Related Questions
Why cancer cell express PD-L1?4 answersCancer cells express PD-L1 as a survival mechanism to evade immune responses. PD-L1 interacts with PD-1 on T cells, inhibiting their activity and promoting apoptosis, thus aiding in immune evasion. PD-L1 expression is observed in various cancers, allowing them to exploit the PD-L1/PD-1 signaling pathway for immune escape. Immunotherapies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 have shown significant anti-tumor effects, highlighting the importance of understanding PD-L1 regulation. Studies have demonstrated high PD-L1 expression in aggressive B-cell lymphomas and virus-associated tumors, indicating a general strategy of immune evasion in these malignancies. Overall, cancer cells express PD-L1 to suppress T-cell responses, evade immune surveillance, and promote tumor progression.
What cause mutation in cancer cells?5 answersMutations in cancer cells can be caused by various factors. Environmental mutagens, such as chemotherapeutic drugs, genotoxic gut bacteria, ultraviolet exposure, and altered activity of error-prone polymerase, can induce mutations in the DNA of healthy cells. Additionally, endogenous processes associated with aging and DNA replication errors can also contribute to the accumulation of mutations in cancer cells. Specific bacterial strains, such as pks+ E. coli, can produce toxins that induce DNA damage and lead to mutations. The mutational processes triggered by these factors can dysregulate cancer signal transduction pathways and disrupt DNA repair mechanisms. Understanding the role of these mutational processes in carcinogenesis can help identify preventable causes of cancer and inform public health strategies.
How PDK gene alterations influence cell death in cancer cells?5 answersPDK gene alterations have been shown to influence cell death in cancer cells. In lung cancer, PDK-1 silencing resulted in the inhibition of cell survival and increased apoptosis and caspase-3 activity. Silencing the pkcα gene, which is related to PDKα, affected the type of cell death induced by photo-activation of hypericin in glioma cells. In glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), targeting hypoxic adaptation, which is regulated by PDK, was found to be critical for maintaining cell viability. Downregulation of TGF-β, which is involved in PDK regulation, increased cell death through activation of SAPKs and induction of ER stress. Additionally, the expression of PKR, a double-stranded RNA dependent kinase, has been used to enhance cancer cell death in combination with apoptosis-inducing agents.
Is there a link between activating EGFR mutations and PD-L1 expression in NSCLC?5 answersActivating EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been associated with PD-L1 expression. A study found a positive regulatory link between AXL, a gene that codes for receptor tyrosine kinases, and PD-L1 expression in EGFR-mutant lung cancer treated with gefitinib. Another study showed that high PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with exon 21 L858R mutation of EGFR. However, the role of PD-L1 expression in completely resected NSCLCs with EGFR mutation is still controversial. Furthermore, PD-L1 expression was not found to be a predictive biomarker for the efficacy of front-line alectinib, an ALK inhibitor, in ALK-positive NSCLC patients. Overall, while there is evidence of a link between activating EGFR mutations and PD-L1 expression in NSCLC, the exact nature of this relationship and its clinical implications require further investigation.
What mutations are the most common for ErbB receptors in case of cancer?5 answersThe most common mutations for ErbB receptors in cancer include epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, HER4 mutations, and ERBB3 mutations. EGFR mutations are the most common among non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) gene mutations, occurring in approximately 50% of Asian NSCLC cases. HER4 mutations have been identified in various cancer types, with melanoma and esophagogastric cancers showing the highest alteration frequency. ERBB3 mutations have also been explored as potential tumoral drivers in many cancer types. These mutations in ErbB receptors play important roles in cancer development and progression, and they have been studied extensively as potential targets for cancer therapies.
What is the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in cancer?5 answersThe PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays a crucial role in cancer by regulating immune responses and promoting immune escape. PD-1 is a protein that inhibits immune responses and promotes self-tolerance, while PD-L1 is a protein that attenuates the host immune response to tumor cells. Tumor cells often express high levels of PD-L1, which can result in treatment failure. Antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have been developed to attack tumor cells, but resistance to immune therapy remains a challenge. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as modulators of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, influencing the immune response and immunotherapy. Additionally, abnormal ubiquitination and deubiquitination of PD-1/PD-L1 can influence PD-1/PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression, suggesting that targeting PD-1/PD-L1 ubiquitination could be a promising therapeutic approach for cancer immunotherapy. Overall, understanding the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is crucial for developing effective cancer therapies.