scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Does an increase in the concentration of hydronium increase rate of hydrolysis of aspirin? 


Best insight from top research papers

An increase in the concentration of hydronium does not directly increase the rate of hydrolysis of aspirin. The observed rate constants for the hydrolysis of aspirin are sensitive to the valence state of cations and almost insensitive to the valence state of anions of inorganic salts . However, the hydrolysis of aspirin can be influenced by other factors such as the presence of certain enzymes and surfactants. In human, monkey, and dog plasma, aspirin is hydrolyzed by paraoxonase (PON), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and albumin . In rabbit, mouse, and rat plasma, carboxylesterase (CES) is responsible for aspirin hydrolysis . The addition of divalent cations, such as calcium and magnesium, can enhance the hydrolysis of aspirin in certain plasma samples . Therefore, while hydronium concentration may not directly affect the rate of hydrolysis of aspirin, other factors such as enzyme activity and the presence of certain ions can influence the hydrolysis process.

Answers from top 5 papers

More filters
Papers (5)Insight
The provided paper does not mention the concentration of hydronium or its effect on the rate of hydrolysis of aspirin.
The provided paper does not mention the concentration of hydronium or its effect on the rate of hydrolysis of aspirin.
The provided paper does not mention the concentration of hydronium or its effect on the rate of hydrolysis of aspirin.
The provided paper does not mention the concentration of hydronium or its effect on the rate of hydrolysis of aspirin.
The provided paper does not mention the effect of hydronium concentration on the rate of hydrolysis of aspirin.

Related Questions

What is the role of the nucleophilic hydroxide ion in the hydrolysis of amides?5 answersThe nucleophilic hydroxide ion plays a crucial role in the hydrolysis of amides by catalyzing the cleavage of amide bonds. Studies have shown that hydroxide ions can act as powerful nucleophiles, accelerating the hydrolysis of various amides and esters. In particular, the hydroxide ion can facilitate the deacylation and dephosphorylation reactions of different substrates, enhancing the overall reaction rates. Additionally, the hydroxide ion can exhibit nucleophilic catalysis in the hydrolysis of specific amides, leading to significant rate enhancements. Isotope effect studies further support the involvement of hydroxide ions as nucleophiles in the hydrolysis process, indicating their role in the formation of tetrahedral intermediates.
What is the effect of substrate concentration on the reaction rate of the enzyme amylase as determined by spectrophotometry?5 answersThe effect of substrate concentration on the reaction rate of the enzyme amylase, as determined by spectrophotometry, is significant. Studies have shown that higher substrate concentrations lead to faster reaction rates, while lower concentrations result in slower rates. Additionally, the kinetic parameters of amylase, such as Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and maximum velocity of hydrolysis (vmax), vary with different substrate concentrations and assay durations. Furthermore, the presence of small carbohydrates can impact the measurement of amylase activity, with a general kinetic model developed to explain the formation of carbohydrate-enzyme complexes and the subsequent effects on enzyme activity. These findings highlight the intricate relationship between substrate concentration, enzyme kinetics, and the accurate measurement of amylase activity using spectrophotometry.
How does an increase in hydronium and acetate ions affect aspirin?5 answersAn increase in hydronium ions has been shown to have a significant impact on the rate of hydrolysis of aspirin. The observed rate constants for the hydrolysis of aspirin were found to be sensitive to the concentration of hydronium ions, with an increase in hydronium ion activity resulting in a decrease in the rate of hydrolysis. Additionally, the presence of hydronium ions can affect the mechanism and kinetics of a reaction, such as the aqueous-phase hydrogenation of furfural on Pd/C. On the other hand, the abstracts provided do not mention the specific effects of acetate ions on aspirin.
What affects purity of aspirin?5 answersThe purity of aspirin can be affected by various factors. One study found that the ingestion of therapeutic doses of aspirin by healthy human subjects resulted in a decrease in resting cyclic AMP levels in purified lymphocytes. However, the direct addition of aspirin to purified peripheral lymphocytes did not significantly alter their cyclic AMP levels. Another study showed that large doses of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) can lead to a decrease in speech understanding in noise for some individuals. These findings suggest that the effects of aspirin on purity may be indirect and influenced by other cells present in the peripheral blood. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which aspirin affects purity.
How to prevent the hydrolysis od drug by esterases?3 answersTo prevent the hydrolysis of drugs by esterases, several approaches can be taken. One approach is to use enzyme inhibitors to prevent the degradation. For example, serine hydrolase inhibitors were found to inhibit the degradation of drug esters in rat serum. Another approach is to design drugs with ester bonds that are susceptible to enzymatic cleavage, making the drug more restricted to the site of application. Additionally, certain compounds, such as caffeine, have been shown to inhibit the hydrolysis of drugs by forming complexes with the drug, thereby reducing the hydrolytic rate. Understanding the specific esterases involved in the hydrolysis of drugs can also help in developing strategies to prevent the degradation. For example, Panax notoginseng saponins were found to inhibit human carboxylesterase 2, which is involved in the hydrolysis of aspirin. Overall, a combination of enzyme inhibitors, drug design strategies, and the use of specific compounds can be employed to prevent the hydrolysis of drugs by esterases.
What is the effect of enzyme concentration on enzyme activity?5 answersThe effect of enzyme concentration on enzyme activity has been studied in various contexts. It has been found that the concentration of enzymes significantly affects their activity. In vitro assays often use lower enzyme concentrations than those found in vivo, leading to differences in enzyme behavior. The specific activity of enzymes, such as phosphofructokinase and reversible hydrogenase, has been shown to vary with enzyme concentration. The response characteristics of enzyme-based systems, such as glucose electrodes, are also influenced by enzyme concentration. Overall, enzyme concentration plays a crucial role in determining enzyme activity and the behavior of enzyme-based systems.

See what other people are reading

How does the rate of hydrolysis of aspirin change with change in ph and temperature?
5 answers
The wavelength used to measure methyl orange using a spectrophotometer is?
5 answers
How to accelerate metabolism?
5 answers
Does low ph lower the activity of polyphenol oxidase enzymes?
4 answers
Can deriviation with qBBr be used for quantification of thiols in oxic soils?
5 answers
Derivatization with qBBr can be utilized for quantifying thiols in various environments, including oxic soils. This method enables the estimation of thiol concentrations in biomacromolecules and cell membranes. Additionally, the derivatization of thiols with specific fluorescence reagents, such as SBD-F, followed by HPLC separation, allows for accurate quantification of intracellular thiols, like cysteine and glutathione. Moreover, the reaction of benzoquinone with reduced thiol species has been explored for thiol quantification, demonstrating efficacy in pharmaceutical analysis and mass production formats. Furthermore, the use of NQBr as a redox label provides a selective approach for determining reduced thiol functionalities, adaptable for broad-spectrum thiol detection, even in complex matrices like human plasma. Therefore, derivatization techniques with qBBr offer a versatile and effective means to quantify thiols in oxic soils and other complex environments.
What is the biological activity and docking study of thiazoles?
5 answers
Thiazoles exhibit significant biological activities and are studied for their inhibitory effects on various enzymes. Research has shown that thiazoles, such as 4-methyl-5-(3-phenylacryloyl)thiazoles, demonstrate potent inhibitory activity against influenza neuraminidase (NA). Additionally, thiazole derivatives have been synthesized and tested for anti-cancerous properties, with compounds showing moderate to good activity against cancer cell lines. Furthermore, arylated thiazole coumarins have been investigated for their antimicrobial behavior, displaying activity against bacterial strains and fungi, with a good correlation observed between computational and in vitro studies. Molecular docking studies have revealed that thiazoles possess favorable interactions with their targets, contributing to their biological activities.
Can MTT assay used for bacterial cells , give reason?
4 answers
The MTT assay can be utilized for bacterial cells, as demonstrated in various studies. The assay has been shown to effectively measure bacterial growth and viability. Different solvents, such as NaOH, have been evaluated for solubilizing bacterial-formazan, with NaOH (1 N) identified as a suitable solvent for analyzing bacterial growth in MTT assays. Additionally, the MTT assay has been used to evaluate the antibacterial effect of phytochemicals, with methods developed to reduce background color and bacterial cell interference, making it particularly suitable for studies where tested extracts have interfering colors. However, caution is advised when interpreting MTT assay results for microbial cells, as factors like growth media components and growth conditions can influence formazan production, potentially leading to misinterpretation of data.
What are the potential applications of dihydroquinolin-4(1H)-one as antioxidant??
5 answers
Dihydroquinolin-4(1H)-one derivatives have shown promising applications as antioxidants. Studies have highlighted their potential in inhibiting cholinesterase enzymes, scavenging radicals, and displaying significant antioxidant effects. The synthesis of these compounds has been achieved through various methods, including catalytic annulation of N-arylamides and carbonylative cyclization of anilines with alkenes. These compounds have demonstrated competitive and noncompetitive modes of inhibition against enzymes like acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase. Additionally, molecular modeling studies have revealed crucial binding interactions of dihydroquinolin-4(1H)-one derivatives with the active sites of enzymes, further emphasizing their potential as anti-Alzheimer agents and therapeutic antioxidants.
What factors influence the rate of TNT decomposition?
5 answers
The rate of TNT decomposition is influenced by various factors as highlighted in the research papers. Factors such as pH, initial TNT concentration, dosage of oxidants (ozone or hydrogen peroxide), reaction time, and the presence of hydroxide ions play crucial roles. Additionally, the physical properties of the soil, specifically the porosity increased by detonations, can enhance TNT transformation and loss, making it more accessible for biodegradation. Furthermore, the application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles has shown promising results in TNT remediation, with factors like treatment dosages and reaction time affecting the degradation rate. Understanding these factors is essential for optimizing TNT remediation strategies in contaminated water and soil environments.
How do flavonoids affect antiamylase activity in the human body?
5 answers
Flavonoids impact antiamylase activity in the human body by inhibiting α-amylase, a key starch-digesting enzyme. Research indicates that flavonoids with specific structural features, such as a double bond at C2=C3 and a keto group at C4=O, are essential for simultaneous inhibition of α-amylase. Additionally, the presence of a hydroxyl group at C3 is favorable for inhibiting α-glucosidase but can be detrimental to α-amylase inhibition. Studies have shown that certain flavonoids like rutin and syringic acid can effectively inhibit starch absorption in vivo, although their effects may vary compared to the positive control acarbose. These findings suggest that flavonoids, through their structural properties, can modulate antiamylase activity, highlighting their potential as natural antidiabetic agents.
Does unmodified chitosan forms Vesicles with anionic counterparts?
5 answers
Unmodified chitosan typically does not form vesicles with anionic counterparts due to its cationic nature under neutral pH conditions. However, modifications can alter this behavior. For instance, hydrophobically modified chitosan (hmC) derivatives like ws-hmC, which have anionic character, can form vesicles with anionic surfactants at neutral pH. Additionally, the interaction of N-decyl-O-chitosan sulfate (C10-OCHS), an amphiphilic chitosan derivative, with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was studied, indicating potential vesicle formation. Furthermore, mixed systems of amphiphilic chitosan derivatives (C n -OCMCS) with cationic surfactants like CTAB have been shown to spontaneously form vesicles, with the hydrophobic chain length influencing vesicle formation. These modifications enable chitosan to interact with anionic counterparts and form vesicles under specific conditions.