How can the overall top loss heat transfer coefficient be calculated?
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The overall top loss heat transfer coefficient can be calculated using various methods. One approach is to establish a mathematical model that takes into account factors such as irregular and unsmooth interfaces, bad cement quality, and thermal effects of the cement sheath . Another method involves using an apparatus with an external chamber, internal chamber, heat source, and temperature measurement portion to measure the overall heat transfer coefficient . Additionally, the value of the overall heat transfer coefficient can be determined by analyzing the cooling curve recorded in casting-solidification conditions . The calculation of heat transfer coefficients can also depend on factors such as Reynolds and Prandtl numbers, flow velocity, tube diameter, and baffle spacing . Furthermore, a technique involving experimental data and mathematical modeling can be used to determine the overall heat transfer coefficient in jacketed vessels .
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