How common are derailments in london?5 answersDerailments in London have been a concern, with data showing a decrease in fatal accident rates over the years. A statistical analysis of train collisions and derailments in the UK from 1967 to 1996 revealed a long-term fall in accident rates, indicating improved safety measures. Furthermore, the impact of temperature on the London Underground network, which operates in various environments, has been quantified to assess fault exposure rates due to climate change. The study highlighted that the LU network faces operational challenges during extreme weather conditions, emphasizing the need for strategic decision-making to enhance climate resilience. Despite the challenges posed by weather and climate change, the LU network is taking steps to adapt and improve its infrastructure to mitigate risks associated with temperature extremes.
What is the most common disability?4 answersThe most common cause of disability varies across different studies. In the United States, arthritis or rheumatism, back or spine problems, and heart trouble are identified as the top three causes of disability among adults, affecting millions. On the other hand, a study in the United Kingdom found that musculoskeletal disorders had the highest population-attributable fraction for severe disability, followed by mental disorders and stroke, which had the highest odds of reporting severe disability and affected multiple domains of disability. Additionally, a global report highlighted depression as the leading cause of disability worldwide, affecting a significant portion of the population and contributing substantially to nonfatal health loss. Therefore, while arthritis, musculoskeletal disorders, and stroke are prevalent causes of disability, depression emerges as a leading contributor to disability on a global scale.
What is the issue of risk base maintenance in electric railway?5 answersRisk-based maintenance in electric railways is an important issue in the industry. Infrastructure utilities, such as electricity networks, are striving to implement more effective and efficient maintenance approaches due to factors like regulatory regimes, an aging asset base, increased customer demands, and constrained financial resources. Risk management is seen as a valuable tool for implementing safety policies and integrating maintenance processes with safety management systems. The aim is to minimize the probabilities of failure occurrence and the severity of consequences, such as death, injury, and property damage, to a level that is as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP). By analyzing the probability of failure occurrence and the severity of consequences, safety-based maintenance (SBM) approaches can optimize maintenance activities and ensure compliance with safety requirements and quality standards. This holistic approach considers the safety, reliability, and socioeconomic impact of maintenance decisions, allowing for a rational means of investing in maintenance.
How common is tardiness?5 answersTardiness is a common issue in various contexts. In the manufacturing industry, scheduling based on EDD priority rules can lead to production delays and increased mean tardiness. In the healthcare sector, tardiness among employees can be reduced through the implementation of reward systems and extra incentives. In the field of scheduling, an approximation algorithm has been developed to minimize total tardiness in parallel machine scheduling. In an educational setting, students' tardiness habits can have negative impacts on themselves, lecturers, and other punctual students. In outpatient services, waiting time can exceed quality service standards, and factors such as practice hours and the work environment can contribute to part-time medical specialists' tardiness. Overall, tardiness is a prevalent issue across different industries and sectors, highlighting the need for effective strategies to address and minimize its impact.
Is TBI becoming more prevalent?4 answersThe prevalence of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a topic of interest in the provided abstracts. However, the answer to the question of whether TBI is becoming more prevalent is not explicitly stated in the abstracts. The abstracts discuss various aspects of TBI, including treatment planning for TBI patients using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), the effects of TBI secondary to domestic violence, the prevalence and diagnosis of TBI in returning US Service Members, mortality rates in TBI patients with and without concomitant injuries, and the estimation of LTBI prevalence in the United States. While these abstracts provide valuable information about TBI, they do not directly address the question of whether TBI is becoming more prevalent.
Obsessive compulsive disorder is more common in which people?3 answersObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is more common in psychology students at the university of Garmian. It frequently affects children and adolescents, with most cases beginning during this time. Women are more likely than men to have OCD, with studies reporting either a slight female predominance or a similar prevalence in adults from the general population. Reproductive life events, such as postpartum period, are associated with the onset and exacerbation of OCD in women. OCD can be found in about 4% of the general population and is characterized by various compulsions and obsessions.