What seems to be the conflict surrounding the story about Chechnya?5 answersThe conflict surrounding Chechnya is multifaceted and has evolved over time. Initially an ethno-nationalist separatist conflict, it later involved extremist Salafis/Wahhabis, leading to a war between local Chechens, the Russian government, and the Salafi/Wahhabi Emirate of the Caucasus. The Chechen wars, spanning from the 1990s to the early 2000s, saw Russia battling against secession movements, ultimately bringing Chechnya back into the Russian Federation. Religion played a significant role in the conflict, with a competition between radical Salafi insurgents and the Sufi establishment, notably led by figures like Ahmad and Ramzan Kadyrov. The conflict has been framed differently by Russia and the West, with Russia labeling it as terrorism and banditry, while Western perspectives have varied, especially post-9/11 and the war on terror.
What role do milbloggers play in the Kremlin's propaganda efforts?5 answersMilbloggers on Telegram have emerged as a crucial component of the Kremlin's propaganda strategy. These amateur military correspondents directly engage with users, shaping the narrative of the war effort and political discourse in Russia. The government's approach towards milbloggers varies, with some officials attempting censorship while others, including President Putin, aim to integrate them into mainstream discussions. The use of milbloggers aligns with Russia's broader information warfare tactics, which involve manipulating social media platforms, spreading fake news, and utilizing military-related content to influence audiences. By leveraging milbloggers to disseminate pro-Kremlin narratives and control the information space, Russia aims to bolster its global power status, exert political pressure, and expand its spheres of influence.
Why do russian use propaganda?5 answersRussian propaganda is used for several reasons. Firstly, it aims to convince both its citizens and the world of Russia's power and greatness, while portraying Europe and the West as degraded. Secondly, Russia employs a sophisticated social media campaign, including fake accounts and hashtag campaigns, particularly targeting former Soviet states like Ukraine. Thirdly, the effectiveness of Russian domestic propaganda can be attributed to factors such as total control of the media, cultural issues, and political manipulation. Lastly, Russia's use of memory laws, which exculpate the state from earlier crimes, has allowed it to justify its aggression against Ukraine and amplify its propaganda. These various strategies and tactics are employed by Russia to shape public opinion and advance its political agenda.
Why is Russian Domestic War Propaganda so Effective?3 answersRussian domestic war propaganda is effective due to several factors. Firstly, the Russian government has total control over the media, including access to information via the internet, allowing for widespread dissemination of propaganda messages. Secondly, cultural issues, such as transgenerational traumas, have created a unique situation in Russia that makes the population more susceptible to propaganda. Thirdly, the use of political manipulation and persuasion techniques, known as "political technology," further enhances the effectiveness of propaganda campaigns. Additionally, the Russian propaganda model is characterized by high-volume, multichannel dissemination of messages without regard for the truth, which contributes to its effectiveness. The hybridization of soft power and propaganda also plays a role, as it allows for the mixing of different narratives to appeal to different target audiences. Overall, the combination of media control, cultural factors, political manipulation, and the unique characteristics of the Russian propaganda model contribute to its effectiveness in shaping public opinion during times of war.
What is MIL or media and information literacy?4 answersMedia and Information Literacy (MIL) refers to the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and use media and information effectively and responsibly. It involves understanding the functions of media and information providers, critically evaluating their content, and making informed decisions. MIL is crucial in today's information and knowledge society, especially in the context of fake news and disinformation. Academic librarians in the U.S. primarily focus on information literacy concepts while teaching news literacy topics, with a particular emphasis on the authority of sources. MIL is also important in education, and initiatives are suggested to further its evolution in curricula. Transliteracy is a theoretical and methodological construct that contributes to MIL theory, addressing the convergence of mediatization, documentarization, and datafication. It enables the reasoned and agile use of digital media and holds the promise of transformative education. MIL is recognized by international institutions like UNESCO and the European Commission as a set of knowledge, attitudes, abilities, and skills necessary for accessing, analyzing, evaluating, using, creating, and disseminating information and knowledge with maximum productivity and respect for human rights.
How does North Atlantic fella organisation help fight Russian propaganda?5 answersThe North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has taken steps to address Russian propaganda by acknowledging the challenge it poses to Euro-Atlantic security and emphasizing collective defense in its strategy and posture. NATO has implemented a Readiness Action Plan that includes increased exercises and a rotational presence of reassurance forces in eastern member states. This plan aims to demonstrate NATO's willingness and ability to defend its members, reassuring allies and deterring potential aggression. Additionally, NATO provides a political forum for member states to discuss security matters and guidance to its military authorities. Through its Military Committee, NATO offers military advice to its decision-making body and military commands, which are responsible for NATO's operations and transformation. By strengthening its readiness and coordination efforts, NATO aims to counter Russian propaganda and enhance the credibility of the Alliance.