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Hence, the conventional wisdom has been that membrane switches without key travel are unacceptable for such keyboard applications as typing tasks.
This paper presents a novel method for detecting a ghost key at the membrane type keyboard, which has additional resistive coating to the membrane film.
The common idea is that pressing a key of a keyboard can cause a unique and subtle environmental change, which can be captured and analyzed by the eavesdropper to learn the keystrokes.
Using a multi-frequency capacitance sensing technique based on a transmission line model, we demonstrate how this keyboard can detect touch in two dimensions, programmable to increase the number of keys and into different layouts, all without adding any new wires, connections or modifying the hardware.
We also learned that global haptic keyclick feedback simulated through local keyclick feedback on each key (as opposed to haptic feedback all over the keyboard) might have the additional and unexpected benefit of helping a typist to locate keys on a keyboard.
Rapid learning resulted in improvement in typing performance with the membrane keyboard — both within an experimental session and across sessions — such that the advantage of the conventional keyboard over the membrane one for touch typists was reduced substantially, although not completely.
It is found that even the shielded keyboard will compromise the keystroke information, which indicates the keyboard with shielding measures do not give enough protection against information leakage via electromagnetic emanations.
This brings keyboard acoustic attack one step closer to a full-fledged vulnerability.
Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1997
78 Citations
A well-designed standard keyboard is an extremely effective data-entry device and will probably remain a key component in human-computer interaction for the foreseeable future.
Open accessBook ChapterDOI
Kentaro Go, Yuki Endo 
01 Oct 2008
7 Citations
A keyboard might include a different type of keyboard, display fewer keys on a small screen, or enable selection of an appropriate typing device such as a finger or stylus.