What exists about machine learning controlled microfluidics?4 answersMachine learning controlled microfluidics has the potential to revolutionize the field by automating platform development and operation, expanding its adoption and impact. Researchers have developed a data-driven architecture using artificial neural networks to control particles in microfluidics, enabling targeted assembly, navigation, path planning, and obstacle avoidance. Microfluidic control with reinforced learning has been shown to maximize training effectiveness by utilizing failure results and microscopic images, leading to automatic finding of optimal separating conditions. Machine learning approaches have been proposed to enhance the diagnostic capability of lab-on-chip devices, achieving high accuracy in recognizing blood diseases. An AI-controlled microfluidic platform has been developed, utilizing smartphone technology and AI algorithms to recognize microfluidic states, remove bubbles, and control reagents' movement, enabling point-of-care clinical diagnosis.
How cfd can help understand pemfc?4 answersComputational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are used to understand proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) by studying fluid dynamics. CFD simulations provide a cost-saving research method with dependable accuracy levels for analyzing fluid flow in PEMFCs. These simulations are often combined with real-life experiments to validate the results and theories. Simplification strategies are used in both 2D and 3D dimensions to make the fluid analysis easier and clearer. Validation techniques, such as measuring methods, are employed to justify the simulation results. CFD simulations help in identifying strategies to improve fluid distribution uniformity and optimize reactant transport in PEMFCs. Additionally, CFD simulations using software like Siemens Simcenter STAR-CCM+ can create and validate digital twins of PEMFCs, aiding in understanding and reducing degradation of fuel cell performance. Overall, CFD simulations play a crucial role in enhancing the understanding of PEMFCs and improving their performance.
How 3D printing is used in microfluidics?4 answers3D printing is used in microfluidics for the fabrication of microfluidic devices and models. It offers advantages such as affordability, customization, and ease of fabrication. Different 3D printing technologies, such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) and stereolithography (SLA), are used to print microfluidic models. These models can be used to cast polymers like PDMS for microfluidic applications. The use of multi-material 3D printers allows the printing of complex objects and functional microfluidic devices with different resins, including flexible, rigid, water-soluble, fluorescent, phosphorescent, and conductive resins. 3D printed microfluidics have the potential to revolutionize microfluidic fabrication due to their time efficiency, durability, reusability, and scalability. They also enable the study of cell biology by providing structures and functions that can be used for addressing specific biological questions.
What is ferrofluid?5 answersFerrofluid is a colloid consisting of tiny magnetic particles suspended in a liquid carrier. It exhibits magnetic properties and is used in various applications such as magnetic seals, magnetic couplings, and magnetic dampers. Ferrofluids are stable colloids made up of magnetic particles bonded with an amphiphilic dispersion layer and suspended in a liquid solvent carrier. These fluids are used in dynamic sealing, inertial and viscous damping, magnetic drug targeting, and liquid microrobots. Ferrofluids are oil-based liquids that contain magnetic particles and do not solidify in the presence of magnetic fields. They have promising applications in optics, medicine, and engineering. Ferrofluids undergo structural changes when exposed to a magnetic field, resulting in the alignment of nanoparticles and the formation of light patterns.
What are microfluidic devices?5 answersMicrofluidic devices are small-scale systems that manipulate fluids at the microscale level. They are used in various applications such as drug production, nanomedicine delivery, diagnostic kits, and the manipulation of biomolecules, cells, or particles. These devices consist of micro-channels etched or molded into materials like glass, silicon, or polymers such as PDMS. They can generate a flow of fluids within a chamber, allowing for the formation of concentration gradients. Microfluidic devices are compatible with standard laboratory microscopes for optical analyses of the chamber. Additionally, systems have been developed to operate microfluidic devices, including a lid with fluid ports that allow for the flow of fluidic medium into and out of the device. Overall, microfluidic devices offer precise control and manipulation of fluids at the microscale, enabling a wide range of applications in various fields.
How to calculate magnetic power that attract iron in blood?5 answersThe magnetic power that attracts iron in blood can be calculated by measuring the magnetic susceptibility of the blood cells. Magnetic susceptibility is a property that quantifies how easily a material can be magnetized in the presence of an external magnetic field. In the context of blood, the magnetic susceptibility of the cells is primarily influenced by the presence of haemozoin, a byproduct of the degradation of hemoglobin by malaria parasites. The magnetic susceptibility of haemozoin has been measured to be (11.0+/-0.9)x10(-3) mL mol(-1). By quantifying the magnetic susceptibility of the blood cells, it is possible to determine the magnetic power that attracts iron in blood. This information can be useful in various applications, such as sorting cells or investigating hemoglobin degradation.