How does the presence of mangroves and clams affect the removal and degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater?
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The presence of mangroves and clams significantly impacts the removal and degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater. Mangroves possess phytoremediation abilities, degrading various pollutants like pesticides, hydrocarbons, and metals through mechanisms like phytoextraction and production of organic substances . Clam shells have been successfully utilized for removing dyes and pharmaceutical pollutants from wastewater, showcasing high removal efficiencies . Integrating mangroves into aquaculture systems can improve water quality by reducing pollution levels, although additional treatment plants may be necessary for optimal results . Mangrove wetlands act as effective pollution buffers, degrading organic pollutants in water with degradation coefficients estimated to be around 0.43-0.47 (day-1) and modified for saline conditions . Overall, the combined presence of mangroves and clams offers promising solutions for wastewater remediation.
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