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How effective are existing conservation measures for leatherback turtles, and what gaps need to be addressed? 


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Existing conservation measures for leatherback turtles have shown some effectiveness but also reveal significant gaps. Satellite telemetry studies demonstrate that expanding protected areas off Bioko Island could enhance conservation benefits by covering more of the turtles' distribution. Genetic analysis highlights the presence of distinct lineages, suggesting the need for tailored conservation strategies. Challenges in marine turtle conservation across Africa underscore threats like poaching, habitat disturbance, and weak governance. Incorporating multidimensional movement data into conservation tools can help predict high-risk areas for interactions with fisheries. Monitoring population responses over time is crucial, revealing fluctuations in nesting levels and the need for continuous protection efforts. Addressing gaps in habitat protection, enforcement of laws, community involvement, and research funding is essential to enhance leatherback turtle conservation.

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Existing conservation measures for leatherback turtles are inadequate due to threats like poaching, habitat disturbance, and lax governance. Gaps include enforcement of protection laws, community involvement, and research funding.
Existing conservation measures for leatherback turtles lack multidimensional behavior consideration. Addressing this gap by integrating vertical-horizontal movements and threat data can enhance risk management effectiveness.
Existing conservation measures for leatherback turtles show initial nesting level drops followed by cyclical variability. Gaps include the need for enhanced coastal protection and monitoring efforts.
Existing conservation measures for leatherback turtles in Bioko could be more effective by expanding protected areas offshore. Addressing threats like bycatch and enforcing marine reserves are crucial for conservation success.
Existing conservation measures for leatherback turtles are insufficient due to genetic bottleneck risks. Gaps include addressing lineage-specific vulnerabilities and integrating local ecological knowledge for tailored conservation strategies.

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