What is the formula for overall water absorption capacity?5 answersThe formula for overall water absorption capacity varies depending on the context. In the environmental assessment of water quality, absorption capacity is calculated as a parameter that determines the amount of pollution that can be added to a river without compromising its quality class. On the other hand, in the evaluation of water-absorbing resins, the preparation involves polymerization of water-soluble monomers and crosslinking agents in the presence of water, along with the addition of a solid that can release water during the process. Additionally, in the context of meat industry ingredients, water absorption capacity is quantified by measuring the water retained by a material after adding water or an aqueous solution, with different methods yielding varying results for different ingredients. Each of these contexts provides insights into different aspects and methods of determining water absorption capacity.
What is the coeffcient of absorption of water for infrared spectroscopy?5 answersThe coefficient of absorption of water for infrared spectroscopy varies based on factors like temperature, salinity, and molecular structure. Studies have shown that the absorption spectra of water can be influenced by its molecular arrangement, such as in confined spaces like nanochannels, resulting in spectral shifts and enhancements. Techniques like solvent absorption compensation (SAC) have been developed to improve concentration sensitivity and extend path length for protein analysis in aqueous solutions, enhancing signal-to-noise ratios significantly. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations have been utilized to calculate the IR absorption spectra of liquid water, providing insights into the thermodynamic and dynamic properties of water. Overall, the coefficient of absorption of water for infrared spectroscopy is a complex parameter influenced by various environmental and molecular factors.
What is the standard water absorption percentage of paper?4 answersThe standard water absorption percentage of paper can vary based on the paper's composition and treatment. Different studies provide insights into water absorption behaviors of various types of paper. Wang and Wang's research on water absorption paper highlights a specific composition with dustless paper layers and non-woven cloth, aiming to prevent leakage of high molecular particles. Enomae, Dogome, and Isogai discuss the absorption behavior of micro-droplets on paper, indicating that commercial ink-jet papers absorb water quickly, with an MSD of 3-6 ms. Enomae, Kataoka, and Onabe introduce a novel method to quantitatively evaluate water absorption in paper, emphasizing the impact of sheet formation and density variation on absorption rate profiles. Additionally, Mohammadzadeh, Barletta, and Gisario demonstrate that chemical treatments like coatings with silane agents can enhance dimensional stability and reduce water absorption in paper.
What is the water absorption of reclaimed concrete aggregate?5 answersThe water absorption of reclaimed concrete aggregate varies depending on different factors. One study found that the water absorption rate of recycled coarse aggregate increased rapidly during the first 10 minutes, with about 90% of water being absorbed. Another study focused on the measurement methods for the saturated-surface-dried water absorption (WSSD) of recycled aggregate and found that existing methods had limitations in accuracy. Additionally, the addition of nano-TiO2 to recycled coarse aggregate concrete was found to reduce the capillary water absorption after freeze-thaw cycles. The carbonation of recycled concrete aggregate was also investigated, with carbon dioxide levels ranging from 20 ppm to 100 ppm in normal masses of RCA and around 400 ppm in sifted masses. Overall, the water absorption of reclaimed concrete aggregate can be influenced by various factors such as the type of aggregate, the presence of additives, and the environmental conditions.
What is water absorption in making fiberboard?5 answersWater absorption in making fiberboard refers to the ability of the fiberboard to absorb water. It is an important property as it affects the performance and durability of the fiberboard. Several factors can influence water absorption in fiberboard production. One study found that water absorption of fiberboard layers increased with water exposure time and was positively correlated with layer density and thickness swell. Another study proposed a process for producing fiberboard with low water absorption by mixing plant fibers with a saccharide and an acid, forming a fiber mat, and heating and press-forming the mat. Additionally, the use of water absorption preventing materials, such as alkyl alkoxysilane emulsions, was suggested to reduce water absorptivity in fiber cement boards. These methods aim to improve the water resistance and durability of fiberboard products.
How does water solubility affect the process of making a fiberboard?1 answersWater solubility affects the process of making a fiberboard in several ways. Firstly, in one-step processes, water-soluble organosilicone copolymers are used as treating compositions to impart water-resistance to the fiber panel. Secondly, water-soluble fibers are manufactured by reacting a polyalkylene oxide compound with a polycarboxylic acid or a diisocyanate, resulting in fibers that are readily soluble in water. Additionally, the combination of liner and polymer sheets in the manufacturing process of fiberboard creates a water-resistant product. Moreover, a waterproofing agent and a liquid concentrate containing water-soluble compounds are used in the production of fiberboard to enhance its water resistance. Lastly, the application of aqueous treating compositions, such as polyvinyl acetate emulsions, during the compression process contributes to the water-resistance of the fiberboard panel.