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How to measure the volume in bladder? 


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Bladder volume can be measured using various methods. One approach is through the use of implantable wireless microsystems that make embedded ultrasound distance measurements. This method utilizes a tuned inductive link for power transfer and bidirectional data telemetry with the implanted unit. The microsystem minimizes power consumption by using a single-bit correlation receiver to estimate ultrasound time-of-flight from A-mode data acquired by an on-board piezoelectric transducer . Another method is through bioimpedance techniques, such as Global Impedance (GI), Voltage Change Ratios (VCR), Impedance Ratio Method (IRM), and Focused Impedance Method (FIM). However, these approaches may not be suitable for long-term monitoring due to variations in urine conductivity. The FIM-IE technique presents low sensitivity to conductivity uncertainty and is promising for long-term monitoring and assisted bladder emptying . Additionally, a method using ultrasonic measurement units and a volume calculator can provide accurate bladder volume estimation by comparing stored data values with measured values . Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is another method that involves injecting electrical currents and measuring voltage levels to estimate bladder volume. This method offers continuous monitoring and faster results compared to traditional catheterization methods . Finally, a method using ultrasonic signals transmitted in multiple directions and measuring the time difference of reflection signals can determine bladder depth and calculate bladder volume .

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The paper describes a bladder volume measuring method using ultrasonic signals. The bladder volume is determined by measuring the depth of the bladder in multiple directions based on the time difference of the reflection signals.
The paper presents a novel method for measuring the volume of the urinary bladder non-invasively using Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT).
The paper describes an operation method of a bladder volume measuring device. The bladder volume is measured by comparing a data value stored in a database with a measurement value obtained through an ultrasonic measurement unit.
The paper describes a wireless implantable microsystem that uses ultrasound distance measurements to estimate bladder volume in real-time.

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