How many participants needed to generate a theme?4 answersTo generate a theme, the number of participants required varies depending on the context. In the study by Best et al., Participatory Theme Elicitation (PTE) involves multiple participants independently identifying themes in the data, suggesting a collaborative approach. On the other hand, McCullick's research on physical educators found that themes were drawn from interviews with 18 practicing teachers, indicating a smaller participant group for theme generation. The method proposed by Zhao et al. involves determining crowd distribution characteristics corresponding to labels to generate themes, emphasizing the importance of understanding participant characteristics. Therefore, the number of participants needed to generate a theme can range from a few individuals in focused studies to a larger group in participatory approaches, highlighting the flexibility in participant requirements for theme generation.
How many participants for pilot study?4 answersA pilot study typically requires a specific number of participants to identify unforeseen problems. One paper suggests that a pilot study including 59 participants is needed to identify problems with a 5% probability in potential study participants ^[Viechtbauer et al.]. However, the other abstracts do not provide a specific number of participants for a pilot study.
How many participants are suggested for pilot study?4 answersTypical sample sizes for pilot studies range from 5 to 20 participants, but these sizes are often too small to provide sufficient precision in the results. Researchers should be aware that these typical sizes result in very small precision and may not be adequate for pilot studies. It is recommended to design the sample size of a pilot study according to the desired precision for determining unknown parameters. For example, a pilot study estimating the standard deviation of a population, its mean, the probability of a certain event, the correlation between variables, or the survival time before an event occurs should have a larger sample size to achieve sufficient precision. The recommended sample size for an external pilot study estimating the standard deviation for a continuous outcome is at least 70 participants, while a sample size of 60 to 100 participants may be required for estimating event rates in a binary outcome.
How many participants is for a survey research?4 answersThe appropriate sample size for a survey research using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) can range from a few experts to hundreds of interviewed people. The specific number of participants required for a survey research depends on various factors such as the research objectives, population size, desired level of precision, and statistical analysis techniques used. It is important to determine a sample size that is representative of the population being studied in order to obtain reliable and valid results. However, the abstracts provided do not mention a specific number of participants for any survey research. Therefore, the appropriate sample size for a survey research cannot be determined solely based on the information provided in the abstracts.
How many student participants were used in virtual reality phobia?5 answersA total of 481 student participants were used in virtual reality phobia studies.
What is the ideal number of participants in a focus group to validate data?5 answersThe ideal number of participants in a focus group to validate data can vary depending on the research project and its specific requirements. However, it is generally recommended that a focus group discussion should comprise between six and ten participants, with an average of eight. This range allows for a diversity of perspectives and ensures that there is enough interaction and discussion among participants to generate rich and varied data. The goal of a focus group is not necessarily to produce consensus, but to stimulate thinking and obtain a range of ideas, opinions, and explanations of experiences. It is important to carefully consider the number of focus groups to conduct, as it will directly influence the volume of data generated and the complexity of the data analysis. Ultimately, the number of participants should be balanced with the resources available and the information necessary to adequately address the research question.