Is There a Career Penalty for Mothers' Time Out? A Comparison of Germany, Sweden and the United States?
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There is a career penalty for mothers' time out in Germany, Sweden, and the United States. In the United States, even short time-out periods result in a career punishment, with longer time-out periods increasing the risk of a downward move and reducing the chances of an upward move . In Germany, long time-out periods destabilize the career, and the longer the leave, the greater the risk of either an upward or downward move . In Sweden, time out has a negative effect on upward moves, indicating that women's career prospects are better if they return to paid work sooner rather than later . The highly educated in all three countries display a greater labor market attachment, with differences in the duration of employment interruptions and the quality of jobs after childbirth . The wage penalty due to maternal leave in Germany is substantial but less persistent than previous estimates suggest . Labor market mechanisms generating the wage penalty for motherhood differ across countries, with a more pronounced role for statistical discrimination against mothers in the German labor market .
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| Papers (4) | Insight |
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| The paper provides evidence of a career penalty for mothers' time out in the United States, Germany, and Sweden. In the United States, even short time-out periods result in career punishment, while in Germany and Sweden, longer time-out periods increase the risk of downward moves. | |
| The answer to the query is not in the provided paper. The provided paper is about estimating the wage penalty for maternal leave in Germany. | |
| The paper does not directly answer the question. The paper compares the duration of employment interruptions for mothers with different educational qualifications in Germany, Sweden, and the United States. It does not specifically address whether there is a career penalty for mothers' time out. | |
24 Citations | The answer to the query is not in the provided paper. The paper is about women's work interruptions and career prospects in Germany and Sweden, focusing on the relationship between career interruptions and upward occupational moves for women in the labor market. |
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