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Is there a link between BACH2 and immune cell infiltration?

Germline mutation

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma

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BACH2 is associated with immune cell infiltration in various contexts. It has been shown to regulate the differentiation and maturation of B and T lymphocytes, including B cell development and T cell differentiation into Th2 cells . In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), specific somatic mutations in BACH2 are associated with distinct immune infiltration patterns within the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) . Additionally, BACH2 is involved in the regulation of T cell biology and is correlated with immune-mediated diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease . Furthermore, BACH2 stabilizes the differentiation of regulatory T (Treg) cells and represses commitment of CD4+ T cells to alternate cell fates, thereby limiting autoimmunity and controlling the balance between tolerance and immunity .

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Journal Article•DOI Correlating Immune Cell Infiltration Patterns with Recurrent Somatic Mutations in Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Nicholas H. Chakiryan, Ali Hajiran, Young-Chul Kim, Ahmet M. Aydin, Logan Zemp, Esther Katende, Jonathan Nguyen, Wenyi Fan, Chia-Ho Cheng, Neale Lopez-Blanco, Jad Chahoud, Philippe E. Spiess, Michelle Fournier, Jasreman Dhillon, Liang Wang, Carlos Moran-Segura, James J. Mulé, Dongliang Du, Sean J. Yoder, Anders Berglund, Jamie K. Teer, Brandon J. Manley - Show less +21 more 11 May 2021-European urology focus 7 Citations	The provided paper does not mention anything about BACH2 or its link with immune cell infiltration.
Journal Article•DOI Correlating Immune Cell Infiltration Patterns with Recurrent Somatic Mutations in Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma 01 May 2022-European urology focus 5 Citations	The provided paper does not mention anything about BACH2 or its link to immune cell infiltration. The paper focuses on the associations between specific somatic mutations in ccRCC and immune cell infiltration patterns.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Bach2: A Key Regulator in Th2-Related Immune Cells and Th2 Immune Response Guodong Liu, Feng Liu - Show less +1 more 12 Mar 2022-Journal of immunology research 3 Citations	The paper does not directly mention a link between BACH2 and immune cell infiltration.

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What is the role of BACH2 in human T cells/?5 answersBACH2 plays a crucial role in human T cells by regulating immune homeostasis. It is involved in the differentiation and maturation of T cell lineages, including helper T-cell subsets like T follicular helper, Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells. BACH2 expression in CD4+ T cells is elevated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and negatively correlates with disease severity and autoantibody levels. Silencing Bach2 in CD4+ T cells leads to an increase in B-cell count, plasmablasts, and IgG secretion, indicating its role in modulating B cell responses. Additionally, BACH2 is shown to act as a transcriptional checkpoint in peripheral Tregs, limiting precocious differentiation into effector Tregs and regulating Type 2 inflammation in the lungs.

What is immune cells infiltration in cancer?4 answersImmune cell infiltration (ICI) in cancer refers to the process where immune cells penetrate the tumor microenvironment (TME), a complex ecosystem composed of various stromal and immune cells surrounding tumor cells. This infiltration is a critical determinant of patient survival and therapeutic response, as increased immune cell presence within tumors is associated with improved outcomes and can predict the efficacy of immune therapies. The diversity and state of these infiltrating immune cells, however, exhibit substantial heterogeneity among cancer patients, influencing their response to treatments including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The TME plays a significant role in tumor progression, metastasis, and response to therapy, with tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) being key components that affect every stage of tumor metastasis. Different cancers, such as cervical cancer, lung cancer, and breast cancer, have shown varied relationships between immune cell infiltrations, immune escape mechanisms, and responses to immunotherapies. For instance, in cervical cancer, patients with high ICI scores are more prone to immune escape due to activated pathways and may benefit more from specific types of immunotherapy. Similarly, in breast cancer, patterns of immune cell infiltration can act as prognostic indicators, with higher ICI scores associated with better clinical outcomes. Advanced methodologies like the SpatialVizScore and the use of deconvolution algorithms have enabled a more detailed quantification and understanding of immune cells' spatial infiltration within tumors, revealing the immune continuum from inflamed to suppressed states. These insights are crucial for developing new prognostic markers and tailoring immunotherapeutic approaches to improve treatment outcomes in various cancers.

What is known about the role of immune infiltration in development of triple-negative breast cancer and the clinical implications?4 answersImmune infiltration plays a significant role in the development of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and has important clinical implications. TNBC is characterized by high immunogenicity, specific immune activation signatures, and higher levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). TILs are known to be a prognostic and predictive biomarker in breast cancer, particularly in TNBC patients. TNBC patients with higher levels of TILs have longer overall survival and disease-free survival times, and a higher rate of pathological complete response to treatment. The immune infiltrate in TNBC is associated with a more favorable prognosis, lower risk of death and recurrence, and increased response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The presence of TILs and their specific subpopulations, such as CD4+ and CD8+ TILs, have been shown to have a prognostic role in TNBC. Understanding the role of immune infiltration in TNBC can help tailor treatment strategies, such as immunotherapy, to improve patient outcomes.

Is there a link between BACH2 and TNFSF11?5 answersBACH2 has been shown to play a key role in the pre-B cell receptor checkpoint and functions as a tumor suppressor in pre-B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia. It has also been demonstrated that BACH2 is required to establish immunosuppression within tumors, and its absence leads to augmented tumor clearance dependent on the adaptive immune system. Additionally, BACH2 has been found to regulate the function of CD4+ CD45RA- Foxp3l ° cytokine-secreting T cells (Fr.III cells) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), promoting B-cell response. However, there is no direct mention of a link between BACH2 and TNFSF11 in the provided abstracts.

What are the effects of different therapies on the immune infiltration of the tumor?5 answersDifferent therapies have varying effects on the immune infiltration of the tumor. Studies have shown that anti-SEMA4D treatment increases the Teff:Treg ratio, indicating a favorable modulation of the immune microenvironment. Additionally, SEMA4D blockade has been found to be highly effective in mammary carcinoma models, while immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies have shown to be ineffective. These findings suggest that SEMA4D blockade may have a positive impact on immune infiltration in tumors. However, the specific effects of other therapies on immune infiltration were not mentioned in the abstracts provided.

What are the effects of Bach2 on the development and function of iNKT cells?5 answersBach2 has been shown to play a key role in the development and function of T cells, B cells, and germinal center formation. However, there is no specific mention of the effects of Bach2 on the development and function of iNKT cells in the provided abstracts. Therefore, the effects of Bach2 on iNKT cells are not addressed in the available literature.

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