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Is there any checkpoint for polyketides to check that the right polyketide is synthesised? 


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Polyketides have a checkpoint to ensure the right polyketide is synthesized. The biomimetic synthesis of aromatic polyketides involves catalyst-controlled transannular cyclization cascades, leading to polyketides with a defined folding and oxygenation pattern . Additionally, an iterative method for synthesizing polyketides utilizes decarboxylative dehydration condensation, which allows for the regeneration of the carboxylic acid functionality for the next elongation step . Furthermore, advancements in computational biology, metabolic engineering, structural biology, and enzymology-guided approaches have facilitated improved access to designer polyketides, ensuring the synthesis of target polyketides . The biosynthesis of polyketides is controlled by polyketide synthases (PKSs), which catalyze the condensation of thioesters and incorporate β-branches. The selectivity exerted by PKSs ensures β-branching fidelity, contributing to the synthesis of the correct polyketide .

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The paper does not specifically mention a checkpoint for polyketides to ensure the right polyketide is synthesized.
The paper does not mention any specific checkpoint for verifying the synthesis of polyketides. The paper focuses on the stereocontrolled total synthesis of polyketide natural products.
The paper does not mention any specific checkpoint for checking the synthesis of the right polyketide.
The paper does not mention any specific checkpoint for checking the synthesis of the right polyketide.

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Is there a proof reading mechanism for polyketide synthases?5 answersPolyketide synthases (PKSs) have a proofreading mechanism to correct mistakes during biosynthesis. Acyltransferases play a role in error correction by hydrolyzing key biosynthetic intermediates. The turnstile mechanism synchronizes the action of the entire assembly line, preventing the acylation of the ketosynthase domain until the product of the prior catalytic cycle has been passed to the downstream module. This mechanism ensures directional biosynthesis and allows for the precise control of stereochemistry in PKSs. In trans-acyltransferase (trans-AT) modular PKSs, a docking domain (DD) at the C terminus of the ketosynthase interacts with the downstream dehydratase, facilitating communication between the two domains. This interaction is crucial for the correct assembly and functioning of the PKS complex.
What are polyketide's role for the host organism?3 answersPolyketides play important roles in their host organisms. They act as chemical triggers of sporulation and granulose accumulation in the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum. In the red goldenrod aphid Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum, polyketide pigments inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi, providing chemopreventive effects at the individual and species level. Naturally occurring polyketides and their derivatives have significant pharmaceutical value and are used in the production of drugs. The rough lemon pathotype of Alternaria alternata produces a polyketide toxin essential for its pathogenicity. In the fungus Hericium erinaceus, polyketide synthases are involved in the biosynthesis of orsellinic acid and its analogs, which have potential industrial applications.
What are the efffects of polyketides and PKSs in nature?4 answersPolyketides are biologically active and structurally diverse compounds found in nature. They are produced by polyketide synthases (PKSs) and have high biological activity. Polyketides have significant pharmaceutical value and are used in the production of drugs, pesticides, and biological probes. They are also employed by living organisms to provide survival advantages. Polyketides display a vast array of structural diversity, including linear, polycyclic, and macrocyclic forms. The biosynthesis of polyketides can be manipulated through the reprogramming of PKSs, and an understanding of gene cluster evolution provides insights for the production of unnatural polyketides. Modular PKSs are nature's platform for the expansion of chemical diversity, allowing for the introduction of unique chemical functionality into polyketide structures. Overall, polyketides and PKSs play important roles in nature, offering potential for the development of novel compounds with various applications.

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