What are the key components of the Theory of Consumption Values?4 answersThe key components of the Theory of Consumption Values (TCV) include economic, psychological, social, functional, and hedonic values. These values play a significant role in influencing consumer behavior and decision-making. In the context of food consumption, TCV has been extended to examine food consumption-related values such as epistemic value, conditional value, price, and social value. In the transportation sector, TCV has been applied to understand drivers' willingness to pay for biofuels, with functional values, specific condition, emotional values, and novelty seeking being identified as key factors. TCV has also been used to explore consumers' willingness to consume genetically modified (GM) food in the face of food scarcity, where consumption values were found to influence consumer attitudes and their inclination towards GM food. Overall, TCV provides a framework for understanding the various values that drive consumer behavior in different contexts.
Can expected utility theory explain gambling?4 answersExpected utility theory can explain gambling, especially when non-concave utility functions are considered. When interest rates and time preference rates are equal, individuals will seek to gamble unless their income falls within a finite set of exceptional values. If these rates differ, there will be a range of incomes for which gambles are desired. However, repeated gambling is not explained by expected utility theory alone. Market imperfections, such as different borrowing and lending rates, can account for persistent gambling if the rates span the rate of time preference. Additionally, appending a tiny utility of gambling to the expected utility model can explain small payoff gambles, large prize lotteries, and risk-seeking behavior observed in experiments. While expected utility theory can explain some aspects of gambling, there is evidence that people willingly violate this theory when making choices, suggesting that other theories, such as prospect theory, may provide a more comprehensive explanation.
What is the expected utility theory of OF CHOICE?5 answersThe expected utility theory of choice is a framework that describes decision-making as a process of maximizing subjective value or utility. Decision makers assign a subjective value to each choice option and choose the one with the highest utility. This theory is based on the idea that decision makers weigh the potential rewards and probabilities associated with different options and make choices based on their preferences. The theory also includes the continuity axiom, which states that decision makers should be indifferent between a gamble and a specific probabilistic combination of more and less preferred gambles. The existence of a numerical utility measure, as defined by the theory, has been supported by experimental evidence in monkeys, suggesting the presence of a utility function underlying subjective value computation.
Why we buy what we buy: A theory of consumption values?5 answersConsumers make choices based on consumption values that influence their behavior. The theory of consumption values (TCV) identifies five dimensions that impact consumer perceived value. These dimensions are often treated as separate constructs, but this study challenges their independence and proposes a conceptualization that includes interrelationships between the dimensions. The theory of consumer behavior is comprehensive and has been tested in numerous investigations, providing guidance for understanding and predicting consumer choice behavior. Sustainable consumption behavior can be influenced by individuals' identification with their community and their perception of the value of living in a particular residential suburb. Place identity and environmental attitudes are enhanced by consumption values, leading to more positive attitudes towards sustainable consumption. Consumption has become a pervasive force in society, extending into various domains of social action.
What are some concrete examples of sociology connected to consumption?3 answersThe sociology of consumption offers concrete examples of how consumption is studied in relation to societal issues. One example is the examination of smoking as a consumption material in the sociological context, particularly among religious individuals. Another example is the exploration of how contemporary patterns of consumption persist despite efforts to shift resource-intensive and unhealthy ways of consuming, with a focus on concepts such as mass culture, consumer culture, distinction and taste. Additionally, sociology challenges the prevalent tendency to prioritize autonomous individual choice in the analysis of consumption, instead emphasizing social situations, groups, and institutional arrangements. The field of consumption sociology has also evolved to recognize consumption as an autonomous arena for individuals to express self-identity and fashion a lifestyle, while acknowledging the social and societal significance of consumption beyond economic relations.
How does consumer theory relate to spending habits?4 answersConsumer theory is concerned with how rational consumers make consumption decisions based on their choice sets defined by prices and income. It aims to derive economically meaningful results by studying the structure of consumer choices. Traditional economic models have failed to account for the impact of debt on consumer spending behavior, leading to inaccurate predictions. A new model proposes a consumption equation that incorporates the impact of debt on spending behavior over an individual's life, suggesting that borrowing generally leads to a negative net change in real GDP. Factors such as age, sex, occupation, and future expectations have been shown to influence consumer taste and demand, but their precise influence and value are still largely unknown. A theoretical framework treats these factors as aspects of social systems and sub-systems, related to one another by their functioning for the solution of system problems. Tradesmen have influenced students' decision-making through targeted marketing strategies and flexible payment terms, leading to financial difficulties for undergraduates. Consumer theory focuses on the purchase decision and effective demand in the market place, providing predictive ability but limiting generality and interaction with other social sciences.