What are some specific applications of gene cloning in forensic medicine?
Best insight from top research papers
Gene cloning in forensic medicine has various applications. It allows for the amplification of target genes for downstream processes like sequencing and genotyping . Moreover, gene cloning enables the production of specific proteins with potential therapeutic value, correction of genetic defects, and synthesis of new vaccines . In the context of forensic genetics, gene cloning can aid in the identification of human genotypes, contributing to medico-legal identification processes . Additionally, advancements in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have opened up new possibilities for forensic genetic case work, offering detailed sequence information that can enhance mixture interpretation and increase the statistical weight of evidence in forensic investigations .
Answers from top 5 papers
More filters
| Papers (5) | Insight |
|---|---|
07 Sep 2016 11 Citations | Gene cloning in forensic medicine is utilized for identifying individuals through DNA fingerprinting, establishing filiation and consanguinity, and exonerating innocent individuals wrongly convicted based on genetic evidence. |
| Gene cloning in forensic medicine allows for DNA amplification, aiding in genotyping for identification, analyzing genetic markers for profiling, and potentially correcting genetic defects related to criminal investigations. | |
| Gene cloning in forensic medicine aids in DNA analysis for identifying suspects, determining paternity, and solving crimes through genetic matching, showcasing its crucial role in forensic investigations. | |
| Gene cloning in forensic medicine enables analysis of unique markers like STRs, SNPs, indels, and mRNA, aiding in mixture interpretation, increasing statistical evidence weight, and uncovering new STR alleles. | |
| Not addressed in the paper. |
Related Questions
What are the specific biotechnological techniques used in forensic sciences for the analysis of DNA?5 answersForensic DNA analysis in biotechnology involves several specific techniques. These include restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)-based genotyping, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based genotyping, and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Other techniques used are DNA isolation and amplification, such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis, restriction endonucleases, recombinant DNA, and gel electrophoresis. Microfluidic devices are also used, with materials like glass, silicon, PDMS, and cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) being crucial for fast analysis and biocompatibility. NGS techniques, including massively parallel sequencing (MPS), have become essential in forensic DNA analysis, allowing the generation of standard STR-profiles, sequencing of DNA repeats and additional SNPs, and analysis of highly degraded DNA. These techniques are used for various purposes in forensic science, such as deconvolution of mixtures, identification of suspects, determination of ancestry, paternity testing, and phenotype analysis.
What is the use of mitochondrial genome in forensic studies?5 answersThe use of the mitochondrial genome in forensic studies is significant for several reasons. Firstly, the maternal inheritance pattern of mtDNA allows for the identification of maternally related individuals, even when a direct reference sample is unavailable. Secondly, the high copy number of mtDNA in cells makes it a valuable tool for analyzing samples that do not contain enough nuclear DNA or that may come from maternally related individuals. Additionally, the higher mutation rate of mtDNA leads to the occurrence of heterogeneous pools of mtDNA sequence, known as heteroplasmy, which can increase the power of discrimination and differentiate material relatives. Furthermore, the application of massively parallel sequencing (MPS) in mtDNA analysis has improved the complexity and informativeness of the data, allowing for better discernment of genuine signals and identification of heteroplasmies. Overall, the mitochondrial genome provides valuable information for forensic investigations, including ancestral origin assessment, human identification, and linking evidential material in criminal casework.
What are applications of therapeutic cloning?5 answersTherapeutic cloning has various applications in medicine. It can be used for curing diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, leukemia, and even the production of whole complex tissues and organs from simple cells. Therapeutic cloning offers significant potential in regenerative medicine by circumventing immunorejection and in the cure of genetic disorders when used in conjunction with gene therapy. It holds a huge potential for de novo organogenesis and the permanent treatment of Parkinson's disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and diabetes mellitus. Therapeutic cloning offers a potentially limitless source of cells for replacement therapy, which is particularly important due to the severe shortage of donor organs available for transplantation. It also offers the potential for treating and curing a wide range of genetic diseases, degenerative diseases, and traumatic injuries. Additionally, therapeutic cloning has attractive prospects in animal agriculture and biomedical applications.
What are the potential benefits of therapeutic cloning?5 answersTherapeutic cloning offers significant potential in regenerative medicine by circumventing immunorejection and in the cure of genetic disorders when used in conjunction with gene therapy. It holds a huge potential for de novo organogenesis and the permanent treatment of Parkinson's disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and diabetes mellitus as shown by in vivo studies. It allows for cheap and readily available organ transfer, such as in the case of Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease, leukemia, and the production of whole complex tissues and organs from simple cells. Therapeutic cloning may soon be feasible for obtaining histocompatible cells for engraftment, which could be used to treat a wide range of genetic diseases, degenerative diseases, and traumatic injuries. Additionally, cloning might reverse the epigenetic changes that cause cancer and other diseases.
Which technique is commonly used for cloning human disease genes?5 answersPositional cloning is the commonly used technique for cloning human disease genes. This approach involves the collection of accurately diagnosed patients and their family members, genotyping DNAs with polymorphic DNA markers, genetic linkage analysis, identification and selection of candidate genes, and eventually identifying the disease-causing DNA sequence variants. Genetic mapping, specifically linkage analysis, is a key component of positional cloning, allowing for the localization of disease genes based on correlation with DNA variation. The technique of positional cloning has been successful in identifying over 40 disease genes so far. It is a valuable tool for gene discovery, particularly in cases where there is no prior knowledge of the protein defects or functional defects involved in the disease.
How is the approch of consequces based is going to be applied to therapeutic cloning in humans?2 answersTherapeutic cloning in humans is a promising approach for regenerative medicine. It involves the creation of patient-specific embryonic stem cells (ntESCs) through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). This technique aims to overcome immunorejection issues associated with other cell-based therapies. However, there are several challenges that need to be addressed. These include tumorigenicity, epigenetic reprogramming, mitochondrial heteroplasmy, interspecies pathogen transfer, and low oocyte availability. Ethical concerns surrounding the source, destruction, and moral status of IVF embryos also need to be considered. Despite these challenges, there is optimism that human therapeutic cloning can be achieved, and the derivation of patient-specific ntESC lines will have great potential for treating human diseases.