What are some window-based techniques used in congestion control in TCP networks?5 answersWindow-based techniques in congestion control for TCP networks include the Slow-Start algorithm with traffic awareness, congestion window (CWND) adjustment methods, and TCP variants like HSTCP, STCP, BIC TCP, CUBIC, HTCP, FAST TCP, and TCP-WBQ. The Slow-Start algorithm with traffic awareness dynamically determines initial window size and adjusts it based on real-time traffic changes. CWND adjustment algorithms cater to network failures in 5G mmWave bands, enhancing data throughput. TCP variants like HSTCP, STCP, BIC TCP, CUBIC, HTCP, and FAST TCP aim to utilize high-speed network bandwidth efficiently but may lack fairness to other flows. TCP-WBQ is designed for heterogeneous wireless networks, accurately detecting congestion levels and adjusting window size to balance throughput and congestion avoidance, showing high efficiency and fairness in simulations.
How has concurrent control been implemented in Zambia Sugar Plc?5 answersConcurrent control at Zambia Sugar Plc was implemented through a partnership between the private and public sectors, focusing on fortifying sugar with vitamin A to address deficiencies. This initiative involved embracing new technology, retraining staff, and developing legal standards for quality, safety, and labeling. The implementation process left no detail to chance, with orientations for staff ongoing alongside the development of the legal framework. The opinions of beneficiaries were considered, with most welcoming the idea after concerns about costs, toxicity, and accessibility were addressed through education campaigns. This collaborative effort between sectors marked the beginning of a long-term partnership, demonstrating social responsibility and a commitment to public health through fortified sugar production.
What is concurrency?5 answersConcurrency in computing refers to the ability of a program to execute multiple instructions simultaneously or in an interleaved manner. This allows programs to take advantage of multicore CPUs and handle multiple tasks concurrently, enhancing performance even on single-core CPUs that are I/O intensive. Concurrency often involves the use of constructs like threads and locks to manage synchronization and prevent deadlocks. However, understanding and implementing concurrency can be challenging, requiring abstract thinking and careful debugging. Student learning in concurrency is crucial, with classical problems like dining philosophers used to motivate engagement and exploration. By studying student conceptions of concurrency, instructors can tailor pedagogical materials to address common challenges and build on students' existing knowledge.
What is concurrency control?5 answersConcurrency control is a mechanism provided by database systems to allow multiple transactions to be executed simultaneously while maintaining isolation. Different concurrency control algorithms have different strengths and weaknesses, making each suitable for specific workloads. To address this limitation, a scheme called transaction clustering has been proposed to automatically determine the best isolation mechanism for any given pair of transactions. Based on transaction clustering, the Clustering-based Concurrency Control algorithm (C3) combines pessimistic and optimistic concurrency control algorithms to achieve better performance for high-conflict workloads. Additionally, a technique for concurrency control involves receiving transaction start requests, locking data against access requests not belonging to the transaction, and controlling acceptance of access requests based on transaction priority. Concurrency control methods improve the concurrency throughput capacity of a database system.
What is mechanical sand control techniques?5 answersMechanical sand control techniques involve the use of mechanical equipment to control sand in various environments. These techniques aim to prevent sand production, which can have negative effects on equipment, flow rate, and overall cost in the petroleum industry. One method involves the use of a mechanical desert control device that utilizes groove wheels and a spike roller to mix cement paste and sand into concrete, creating a concrete structure layer that seals deserts and prevents sand blowing. Another method involves the use of mechanical equipment to form automobile transportation channels and cover sand dunes with carpets made from plant stalks, effectively controlling the desert without altering its appearance. Sand control methods also include reducing drag forces, bridging sand mechanically, increasing formation strength, and using screens and chemical consolidation to hold load bearing solids in place.
What data consistency techniques are used in cloud disaster recovery?2 answersData consistency techniques used in cloud disaster recovery include replication, hierarchical system architecture, and the backward atomic backup recovery technique (BABRT). These techniques aim to ensure high availability of service/data and reduce storage consumption, recovery time, window of vulnerability, and failure rates. Additionally, the proposed multi-server system based on Enriched Genetic Algorithm allows users to collect information from any backup server when the main cloud server loses its data. The use of Master File Table (MFT) data storage with its index is also proposed to overcome limitations such as implementation complexity, security issues, and high retrieval time. Overall, these techniques focus on providing efficient and reliable data recovery services in the cloud.