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What are the current key factors shaping Indonesia's foreign policy outlook? 


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The key factors shaping Indonesia's foreign policy outlook include its commitment to maintaining active involvement in global affairs to uphold independence and oppose colonialism . Indonesia's 'free and active' foreign policy doctrine emphasizes non-alignment in great power competitions, particularly between the US and China, to ensure strategic autonomy and regional stability . The country's historical transition to democracy in 1998 has influenced its foreign policy principles of independence and active engagement . Indonesia's strategic approach in the Indo-Pacific region focuses on inclusivity, dialogue, and peace-building to enhance regional resilience and security . Moreover, Indonesia's response to the COVID-19 pandemic showcased a preference for multilateral cooperation over populist trends, reflecting its commitment to collaborative global efforts .

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Indonesia's foreign policy outlook during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic was shaped by a preference for cooperation, collaboration, and multilateralism despite global populist trends.
Key factors shaping Indonesia's foreign policy outlook include the Indo-Pacific concept for regional peace, national security system utilization, and emphasis on ASEAN norms and identity.
Book ChapterDOI
Song Xue, Kaiwei He 
14 Jan 2022
Key factors shaping Indonesia's foreign policy outlook include international pressure, domestic support, and challenges in maintaining equidistance between the United States and China while pursuing its own agenda.
Key factors shaping Indonesia's foreign policy outlook include upholding anti-colonialism, supporting Palestine, and maintaining consistency in foreign policy decisions despite presidential transitions.
Indonesia's foreign policy outlook is shaped by China's rise, US-China rivalry, regional stability concerns, non-alignment principles, hedging plus strategy, and active engagement in ASEAN-centric multilateralism.

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