What are the functions wildtype p53 has in cancer?
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Wild-type p53 (wtp53) in cancer plays crucial roles in regulating various cellular processes. It functions in DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, metabolic changes, and aging, acting as a tumor suppressor . Mutations in the TP53 gene can lead to loss of these functions, contributing to oncogenic processes and cancer development . Additionally, wtp53 influences redox homeostasis, metabolic stability, and intracellular ferroptosis, impacting cancer cell growth . The abnormal signaling of the p53 pathway in cancer cells, often due to factors like high MDM2 expression, underscores the significance of wtp53 as a target for cancer treatment strategies . Targeting wild-type and mutant p53 for cancer therapy has shown promise through various approaches, highlighting the importance of understanding p53's functions in cancer progression and treatment .
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| Papers (5) | Insight |
|---|---|
| Wild-type p53 in cancer functions include growth suppression, cell death, DNA repair, and metabolism regulation, making it a key tumor suppressor. | |
| Wildtype p53 in cancer functions as a tumor suppressor by promoting cell survival through DNA repair or inducing apoptosis if DNA damage is irreparable, preventing cancer progression. | |
| Wildtype p53 functions in cancer by regulating cell cycle, inducing senescence, apoptosis, and metabolic reprogramming, inhibiting tumor growth, and maintaining redox homeostasis, but mutant p53 may impair these functions. | |
| Wildtype p53 in cancer maintains genetic stability, regulates cell cycle, programmed cell death, DNA repair, aging, and angiogenesis, acting as a crucial tumor suppressor protein. | |
2 Citations | Wild-type p53 in cancer regulates DNA repair, cell cycle, apoptosis, metabolism, and aging. It serves as a biomarker for tumor progression and a target for cancer therapy. |
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What is the role of TP53?5 answersTP53 plays a crucial role in cancer formation and is considered the most important tumor suppressor gene. It acts as a transcription factor involved in DNA repair, cell-cycle control, and apoptosis. TP53 is commonly mutated in various cancers, including prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD), brain lower-grade glioma (LGG), uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS), and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). The expression level of TP53 is significantly different in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues, with high expression in most malignant tumors. TP53 mutations can affect the immune response in different cancers, and its expression is associated with immune cell infiltration and immune scores. In ovarian cancer, TP53 mutation status influences the expression of repetitive elements (REs) following epigenetic treatment, and TP53 mutant cell lines have higher baseline expression of REs compared to wild-type cell lines. TP53 mutation serves as a biomarker, prognostic factor, and therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.
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How does p53 function in cancer?3 answersp53 is a tumor suppressor gene that plays a crucial role in regulating cancer cell behavior. Mutations in p53 are found in more than 50% of human cancers, leading to loss of its tumor suppressor function. p53 responds to various stresses such as DNA damage, oncogene activation, and oxidative stress by inducing cellular responses like cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and cellular senescence. It also regulates energy metabolism, including glycolysis, mitochondrial respiration, amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and autophagy. Additionally, p53 mutations can result in the gain of novel oncogenic functions, contributing to tumor development and modifying cellular metabolism. The multifunctionality of p53, particularly in intracellular metabolisms, makes it a key molecule in cancer and metabolic disorders.
What are the different isoforms of p53 and what are their roles in the cell?5 answersThe p53 protein has multiple isoforms that play different roles in the cell. These isoforms arise from alternative splicing, alternative initiation of translation, and alternative promoter usage. The isoform p53/47 lacks the first 40 codons and is linked to endoplasmic reticulum stress and a specific G2 arrest. Another isoform, Δ133p53, lacks the first 133 amino acids and is involved in controlling cellular senescence. The isoform p53β carries an alternative C-terminus and is also implicated in controlling cellular senescence. Additionally, there are isoforms Δ40p53 and Δ133p53 that interact with p53 and have antagonist effects. Some p53 isoforms act in a dominant-negative manner, interfering with the function of full-length p53. The precise functions of p53 isoforms are still being discovered, but they are known to be involved in various cellular processes such as DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and gene expression modulation.