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What are the objective measurements used to assess forward head posture in individuals? 

Blood pressure
Somatosensory evoked potential
Proprioception
Somatosensory system
Sphygmomanometer
Best insight from top research papers

Objective measurements used to assess forward head posture in individuals include postural angles like upper cervical, lower cervical, craniovertebral, head posture, and head tilt angles in both static and quasi-static states . Additionally, somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) are utilized to evaluate sensorimotor integration and somatosensory processing variables, such as amplitudes of peripheral N9, spinal N13, brainstem P14, peak-to-peak amplitudes of parietal N20 and P27, and frontal N30 potentials, along with central conduction time (N13–N20) . Furthermore, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) is employed to measure head posture accurately, showing excellent correlation with a cervical range of motion (CROM) device, indicating its validity for head posture assessment . These measurements provide valuable insights into the physical and neurological aspects of forward head posture evaluation.

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Papers (5)Insight
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Assessment and Comparison between Cervical Retraction Exercise and Muscle Energy Technique on Cervical Joint Position Sense in Individuals with Forward Head Posture
Isha Shah, Parag Vishwas Kulkarni, Ajay Kumar 
02 Mar 2022-International journal of science and healthcare research
Objective measurements used to assess forward head posture in individuals include cervical joint position sense evaluated through the Head Repositioning Accuracy test, comparing Cervical Retraction and Muscle Energy Technique effects.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Evaluation of head posture using an inertial measurement unit.
Mustafa Al-Yassary, Kelly Billiaert, Gregory S. Antonarakis, Stavros Kiliaridis, Stavros Kiliaridis 
07 Oct 2021-Scientific Reports
2 Citations
Objective measurements for assessing forward head posture include using an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) compared to the gold standard Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) device, showing excellent correlation and reproducibility.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Does Forward Head Posture Influence Somatosensory Evoked Potentials and Somatosensory Processing in Asymptomatic Young Adults?
Ibrahim M. Moustafa, Aliaa A. Diab, Deed E. Harrison 
29 Apr 2023-Stomatology
1 Citations
Objective measurements for assessing forward head posture include craniovertebral angle (CVA) < 50° for FHP and CVA > 55° for normal posture, as well as somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) variations.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Effect of posture correction on blood pressure in persons with Forward Head Posture
M. A. Malik, Sarita, Sonu Punia, Jaspreet Kaur, Varun Singh 
31 Mar 2023-Romanian Journal of Neurology
Objective measurements for assessing Forward Head Posture included blood pressure readings using a Sphygmomanometer before and after posture correction interventions in the study.
Journal Article•DOI
Postures of the Head, Upper, and Lower Neck in Forward Head Posture: Static and Quasi-static Analyses
Maryam Poursadegh, Zahra Chakeri, Seyed Mehdi Okhravi, Zahra Salahzadeh 
12 Jul 2023
The objective measurements used to assess forward head posture include upper cervical, lower cervical, craniovertebral, head posture, and head tilt angles in both static and quasi-static states.

Related Questions

What is the relationship between prolonged sitting and forward head bending among tailors in terms of chest expansion?5 answersProlonged sitting is associated with musculoskeletal issues like forward head bending and reduced chest expansion among tailors. Tailors often experience neck and back pain due to prolonged sitting while working, leading to forward head posture (FHP) and reduced chest expansion. Studies show that sewing machine operators, who sit for extended periods, have a high prevalence of FHP, which correlates with neck pain intensity. Additionally, the use of Posture Correction Bands (PCB) has been found to significantly improve chest expansion in individuals with FHP, indicating a direct relationship between posture correction and chest expansion. Therefore, addressing prolonged sitting habits and promoting proper posture correction methods like PCB can help mitigate the negative effects of prolonged sitting on chest expansion among tailors.
What is the relationship between forward head posture and temporomandibular joint dysfunction?5 answersForward head posture (FHP) has been found to be significantly associated with temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD). Individuals with FHP exhibit differences in sensorimotor integration and somatosensory processing, showing less efficient central conduction time and altered neural responses compared to those without FHP. Moreover, studies have indicated that as FHP increases, sensorimotor integration and somatosensory processing become less efficient, highlighting a negative correlation between FHP and TMD. This relationship is further supported by the fact that FHP can lead to impairments in various somatosensory pathways, affecting the amplitudes of different neural regions involved in somatosensory processing. Therefore, maintaining proper head posture may be crucial in preventing or managing TMD symptoms associated with FHP.
Shoulder impingement and forward head posture.5 answersForward head posture (FHP) has been found to be associated with shoulder impingement. In individuals with FHP, the acromiohumeral distance was significantly lower compared to those with normal head and neck alignment during active arm elevation at a 45° angle. Shoulder and neck stabilization exercises using slings have been shown to improve round shoulder posture and forward head posture in female university students. Athletes participating in sports involving overhead activities are more susceptible to shoulder injuries due to the development of postural defects like FHP and round shoulder posture. Shoulder stabilization exercises using resistant vibration stimulus during bodyblade exercise have been found to improve forward head posture. Patients with chronic neck pain (CNP) have been found to have smaller deep flexor and extensor muscles size and lower flexor and global extensor endurance capacity, but FHP was not found to be different between CNP patients and asymptomatic participants.
How can we measure changes in postural activity ?5 answersChanges in postural activity can be measured using various methods. One approach is to evaluate heart rate variability (HRV) indices, which provide insights into autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity. Studies have shown that HRV indices, such as SDNN, TINN, CVAA%, SD2, ApEn, and Ln LF, are affected by postural changes. Another method is to assess the influence of blood circulation on brain electrical activity during passive body position changes. This can be done by simultaneously recording electroencephalography (EEG) and reoencephalography (REG) signals. Analysis of EEG and REG data has revealed changes in brain bioelectrical characteristics and brain blood flow during different body positions. Additionally, complexity analysis of heartbeat dynamics, using measures like Sample Entropy (SampEn), has shown that postural changes can affect the irregularity of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity indices, suggesting a decrease in heartbeat complexity. Finally, spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) has been found to change the functional activity of trunk muscles, particularly the oblique abdominal muscles, in individuals with low back pain.
How doeas assessment of Head-Forward Posture Disorder (HFP) using EoG measurement?5 answersAssessment of Forward Head Posture (FHP) using EoG measurement was not mentioned in the abstracts provided.
What are the current sudies in forward head posture physiotherapy management?5 answersCurrent studies in forward head posture physiotherapy management include the use of exercises to manage and prevent forward head posture in individuals with an online way of life. A device has been developed to correct forward head posture by supporting the jaw and cervical spine and adjusting the distance between them. The prevalence of forward head posture is high among children and adolescents due to excessive use of mobile phones and laptops, and studies have been conducted to evaluate its prevalence and progression among physiotherapy students. A pillow-based rehabilitation support system has been invented to guide users in correcting their forward head posture through exercise scenarios and monitoring their exercise posture. Additionally, a study has investigated the correlation between forward head posture and spinal sagittal balance, finding a negative correlation between forward head posture angle and C2-C7 SVA, T1 tilting, and C0-C2 angle.

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