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What are the potential applications and limitations of using MC3T3-E1 and hMSC in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering?

Regenerative medicine

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MC3T3-E1 cells and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) hold significant promise in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. MC3T3-E1 cells, when encapsulated with extracellular vesicles (EVs) in a 3D hydrogel system, exhibit enhanced osteogenic responses, making them valuable for bone tissue engineering. On the other hand, hMSCs, due to their self-renewal and immunomodulatory potential, are promising for clinical therapy, but unmodified hMSCs face challenges like low therapeutic potential and immunocompatibility issues. Strategies like modifying hMSCs with soluble factors, genetic methods, and 3D culture techniques have been explored to enhance their potency and functionality for clinical applications. While MC3T3-E1 cells show quick multiplication and moderate cell number increment in response to nanochitosan blends, hMSCs require modifications to overcome limitations for effective regenerative medicine applications.

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Journal Article•DOI Hydrogel-Assisted 3D Model to Investigate the Osteoinductive Potential of MC3T3-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Ketki Holkar, Vaijayanti Kale, Ganesh Ingavle - Show less +2 more 21 May 2021-ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering 13 Citations	MC3T3-E1-derived extracellular vesicles show osteoinductive potential in a 3D hydrogel model, offering a cell-free approach for enhanced bone regeneration in tissue engineering, overcoming limitations of cell-based therapies.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Magnetic Hydroxyapatite Composite Nanoparticles for Augmented Differentiation of MC3T3-E1 Cells for Bone Tissue Engineering Vignesh Krishnamoorthi Kaliannagounder, Mohammad Amjad Hossain, Jong-Hoon Kim, Muthukumar Thangavelu, Aravinthan Adithan - Show less +4 more 25 Jan 2023-Marine Drugs	MC3T3-E1 cells offer osteogenic differentiation potential for bone tissue engineering, while hMSCs provide versatility for various tissue types. Limitations include potential cytotoxicity at higher nanoparticle concentrations.
Journal Article•DOI In-vitro biocompatibility studies of nanochitosan/ polyvinylpyrrolidone blends on MC3T3-E1 cells showing beneficial effect in bone tissue engineering 01 May 2022-Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences	MC3T3-E1 cells showed compatibility with nanochitosan/polyvinylpyrrolidone blends, indicating potential for bone tissue engineering. Limitations and comparison with hMSC were not addressed in the paper.
Journal Article•DOI Methods and Limitations of Augmenting Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Therapeutic Applications. C. Theodore Huerta, Yulexi Y. Ortiz, Zhao-Jun Liu, Omaida C. Velazquez - Show less +3 more 27 Oct 2022 3 Citations	Not addressed in the paper.

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How do MC3T3-E1 cells compare to other cell lines commonly used in bone regeneration studies?5 answersMC3T3-E1 cells, commonly utilized in bone regeneration studies, exhibit unique characteristics compared to other cell lines. These cells have shown enhanced osteogenic differentiation when treated with silver-doped calcium phosphates like β-TCP (Ag) and HAp (Ag), leading to increased alkaline phosphatase activity and upregulation of osteoblast-related genes. Additionally, MC3T3-E1 cells have been evaluated for their osteogenesis-inducing capacity under various culture media conditions, highlighting the importance of establishing standardized in vitro models for accurate biomaterial evaluation. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated the cytocompatibility of MC3T3-E1 cells with demineralized dentin material membranes, indicating their potential for promoting bone repair and regeneration without cytotoxic effects. Overall, MC3T3-E1 cells offer a valuable model for assessing bone formation, differentiation, and the effects of various biomaterials in bone tissue engineering research.

What are the potential applications of MC3T3-E1 cells in regenerative medicine?4 answersMC3T3-E1 cells have shown significant potential in regenerative medicine applications. Studies have highlighted various avenues for their use, such as enhancing osteogenic differentiation through exosomal circRNA delivery, investigating responses to fibrillar architectures for bone tissue engineering, and promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Additionally, the effects of different compounds on MC3T3-E1 cells have been explored, including the positive impact of silver-doped calcium phosphates on osteogenic differentiationand the contrasting effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids on cell viability and differentiation. These findings collectively underscore the versatility and importance of MC3T3-E1 cells in advancing regenerative medicine approaches for bone regeneration and repair.

What are the challenges and limitations of using stem cells in biotechnology?4 answersStem cell therapy in biotechnology offers the potential to regenerate damaged tissues and impaired organs. However, there are several challenges and limitations associated with its use. Pluripotent stem cells, derived from embryos or reprogrammed adult cells, have the greatest regenerative potential but also carry the risk of tumor development and autoimmune reactions. The use of embryonic cells is ethically unacceptable due to the destruction of embryos. Additionally, the transformation of stem cells from bench to bedside faces challenges such as the potential risk of tumorigenicity from undifferentiated stem cells, the lack of large-scale culture systems for clinical treatment, and the inconvenience of cell therapy itself. Creating embryo models that accurately mimic embryogenesis and organogenesis in vivo is also a challenge. Despite these limitations, with further research and advancements in technology, stem cell therapy holds great promise for revolutionizing medical treatments in the future.

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Why primary cells are not commonly used in tissue engineering?3 answersPrimary cells are not commonly used in tissue engineering because they have limited proliferative capacity and are difficult to obtain in large quantities.Additionally, the use of primary cells alone may require a large number of cells to achieve effective tissue regeneration.This can be problematic as obtaining a sufficient number of primary cells from a target tissue can be challenging.Furthermore, primary cells may have limited integration with the surrounding tissue when transplanted, which can hinder the success of tissue engineering approaches.In contrast, progenitor cells have the ability to catalyze proliferation and tissue production by primary cells, allowing for the use of fewer primary cells for effective tissue regeneration.Progenitor cells can also improve the extent of regeneration and increase the likelihood of tissue integration with the surrounding tissue.Therefore, the combination of progenitor cells and primary cells in cell-based therapies offers a promising approach for tissue repair and regeneration.

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