What are the thresholds in birds indicators for livestock grazing management?Â
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Thresholds in bird indicators for livestock grazing management have been studied in European grasslands. Grazing is necessary to create suitable habitats for ground nesting birds, but it can negatively impact bird fecundity through nest destruction. Agro-environmental policies impose upper thresholds on spring stocking density to limit these negative effects. Moderate trampling thresholds have been found to reduce the negative impacts on bird populations and maintain productive performance. However, economic and ecological optimizations may not be fully compatible, as higher stocking density thresholds can lead to optimal productive performance but increase the risk of quasi-extinction for bird species. The effects of different stocking density thresholds on the ecological performances of grazed grasslands are still poorly understood.
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