What are the design principles for explainable ai in sliding decision making?5 answersDesign principles for Explainable AI (XAI) in aiding decision-making are multifaceted, focusing on enhancing human understanding, trust, and effective interaction with AI systems. Firstly, the development of human-interpretable, explainable AI systems based on active inference and the free energy principle is crucial. These systems should model decision-making and introspection processes, making them auditable and interpretable by human users. Empirical evaluations suggest that ideal AI explanations should improve users' understanding of the AI model, help recognize model uncertainty, and support calibrated trust in the model. Addressing the black box nature of AI, by providing transparency and mitigating biases, is essential for ethical adoption in sensitive contexts.
Moreover, trustworthy AI decision recommendations should explain why certain decisions are preferred, using causal models to link actions to outcomes, reflecting an understanding of actions, outcomes, and acceptable risks. The explanation user interface is equally important; it should be designed iteratively, based on user feedback, to increase trust and improve interaction with high-risk AI systems. A nascent design theory for explainable intelligent systems emphasizes the need for global and local explainability, personalized interface design, and consideration of psychological/emotional factors.
User-centric perspectives are vital for aligning expert tasks with explanation methods, ensuring that design principles meet the specific needs of users. The communication between people and machines should be clear and trustworthy to facilitate collaboration on complex problems. Finally, the design of user interfaces for decision support systems should significantly influence users' perceived cognitive efforts, informativeness, mental model, and trustworthiness in AI. These principles collectively aim to make AI systems more transparent, understandable, and reliable, thereby enhancing their utility in decision-making processes.
What is Explainable AI?4 answersExplainable AI (XAI) is a field of research in machine learning that aims to make black-box models transparent and interpretable. XAI focuses on creating AI systems that not only produce accurate results but also provide insights into their decision-making process. It allows humans to understand the cause-and-effect relationship between actions performed or strategies decided based on the black-box model. XAI has applications in various fields such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and education. It provides more intuitive and interpretable explanations for the behavior of AI models, helping to identify and mitigate biases. XAI methods include generating counterfactual explanations, analyzing connections between explanations and dataset biases, and extending explainability from the instance level to the dataset level.
What are the limitations of explainable AI systems?4 answersExplainable AI (XAI) systems have limitations in deployment and gaining trust in AI systems. Transparency and rigorous validation are better suited for gaining trust in AI systems. One challenge in the development of explainable AI is obtaining acceptable explanations from non-human "explainers". Another challenge is the lack of labeled historical data, which makes it impossible to use supervised models. Black-box AI systems lack transparency and may inherit biases from human prejudices and collection artifacts, leading to unfair or wrong decisions. Recent research shows that people do not always engage with explainability tools enough to improve decision making, and recommendations and explanations may limit human decision makers' agency.
What is explainable ai?4 answersExplainable AI (XAI) refers to the development of artificial intelligence models and algorithms that can be understood and explained by humans. XAI aims to make black-box models transparent and interpretable, providing insights into their decision-making process. It involves generating explanations for AI systems by identifying alternative paths or hypothetical changes to the input data that could have led to different outcomes. XAI is particularly suitable for generating explanations based on counterfactual paths in knowledge graphs, allowing for the validation of model behavior and identification of important features. The field of AI ethics recognizes the importance of XAI in addressing transparency challenges and ensuring ethical implementation of AI systems.
What are some examples of explainable AI in design work?5 answersExplainable AI (XAI) in design work includes various examples. One example is the Explainability in Design (EID) methodological framework proposed by Zhang and Yu. This framework helps software design teams address explainability problems in AI systems by providing a step-by-step guide to uncover and resolve potential issues in their products. Another example is the development of an explanation user interface for clinical Decision Support Systems (DSS) by Panigutti et al.. They designed and tested a prototype interface that presents explanations from black-box AI models to healthcare providers, increasing users' trust in the system. Tandon and Wang conducted a case study on explainable AI visualization in business applications. They found that visual explanation cues in machine learning algorithm output designs increased understanding and effective decision-making for users with low AI familiarity. Ghajargar and Bardzell explored tangible and embodied interaction with AI through concept cards, aiding design researchers in envisioning physicality and tangible interaction with AI. Finally, the concept of Seamful XAI was introduced by the authors of Context_5, highlighting the importance of strategically revealing sociotechnical and infrastructural mismatches to augment explainability and user agency in AI systems.
What are the different types of AI design principles?5 answersAI design principles can be categorized into different types based on their focus and purpose. One type of design principles is focused on creating AI algorithms that can generalize across network environments, intents, and control tasks, enabling them to tackle larger problems and improve system performance. Another type of design principles is centered around generative AI applications, with a focus on characteristics such as multiple outcomes, imperfection, exploration, control, and mental models, as well as designing against potential harms caused by hazardous output or human displacement. Ethical considerations are also important in AI design, and design principles can be used to satisfy the requirements for trustworthy AI, including aspects related to human-AI interaction and service process quality. Additionally, design principles can be applied to AI-powered design tools to ensure that they deliver consistent designs and incorporate visual design principles such as proportion, balance, and unity. Finally, AI-specific challenges in value-sensitive design require a modified approach that integrates AI-specific design norms, distinguishes between promoted and respected values, and encompasses the whole life cycle of AI technologies.