What factors does the presence of black carbon in Iran depend on?
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The presence of black carbon in Iran depends on various factors such as altitude, aspect, and human activities. Studies in Tehran have shown that short-term exposure to ambient black carbon is significantly associated with cardiovascular, ischemic heart disease, and cerebrovascular mortality. Additionally, the altitude of black carbon plays a crucial role in its climate impact, affecting surface temperatures differently based on altitude. Furthermore, the radiative forcing associated with black carbon emissions is influenced by the location and seasonality of emissions, with variations in direct specific forcing depending on emission location and lifetime of black carbon. These factors collectively contribute to the presence and impact of black carbon in Iran, highlighting the importance of considering both local and global factors in understanding its distribution and effects.
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| Papers (5) | Insight |
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168 Citations | The presence of black carbon in Iran depends on altitude. Near the surface, it causes warming, while at higher altitudes, it leads to cooling despite decreased albedo. |
| The presence of black carbon in Iran depends on emission location, latitude, longitude, and season, affecting radiative forcing and climate impact significantly. | |
1 Citations | Not addressed in the paper. |
| The presence of black carbon in Tehran, Iran depends on short-term exposure, with significant effects on cardiovascular, ischemic heart, and cerebrovascular mortality, but not on respiratory mortality. | |
Open access•Journal Article 8 Citations | Not addressed in the paper. |
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