What is buen vivir?5 answersBuen Vivir, also known as Sumak Kawsay, is a political concept originating from indigenous movements in Ecuador and Bolivia, integrated into their constitutions in 2008 and 2009. It emphasizes a holistic society-nature relationship, prioritizing community well-being and harmony with nature, challenging traditional Eurocentric development models. Buen Vivir has inspired social movements and researchers aligned with degrowth principles, offering an alternative to mainstream neoliberal and colonial narratives. Through practices like socially engaged art projects, Buen Vivir aims to foster environmental and social awareness, challenging dominant neoliberal and neocolonial discourses. The concept has influenced national policies, like in Ecuador under Rafael Correa, where it guided structural changes towards a more technologically advanced industrial sector.
What are the citrus reference genes for rt-qpcr?4 answersThe reference genes for rt-qPCR in citrus include GAPDH, ACTIN, F-BOX, COX, and 18S rRNA. Other suitable reference genes for accurate normalization in different tissues and stress conditions include EF1α, UBCE, eIF2B, TUA, RPS3, and β-tubulin. For Tamarixia radiata, the optimal reference genes vary depending on the research focus, such as 18S and EF1A for developmental stage, PRS18 and EF1A for sex, and PRS18 and RPL13 for different tissues. In the case of miRNA expression in citrus infected by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, poly(A)-tailed miR162-3p/miR472 were identified as the best reference gene combination. Finally, for the detection of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (CLas) in citrus, the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase gene (COX) is commonly used but can inhibit amplification. A better reference gene is malate dehydrogenase (MDH), which is suitable for duplex qPCR and ddPCR assays.
Citrus limon , docking, to treat COVID-19?5 answersCitrus limon, commonly known as lemon, has been studied for its potential in treating COVID-19. In a study by Khan et al., molecular docking, density functional theory (DFT), and molecular dynamics analysis were used to evaluate 25 natural compounds from Citrus limon against the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2. Among the compounds tested, diosmetin showed the best docking values against the Mpro of SARS-CoV-2. In another study by Salawu et al., the stem bark extract of Citrus limon displayed antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities. These findings suggest that Citrus limon may have potential as a therapeutic agent against COVID-19. However, further research is needed to validate these in silico and in vitro findings and to explore the efficacy and safety of Citrus limon in clinical settings.
What is lemon?5 answersLEMON is a generic open source C++ library that provides easy-to-use and efficient implementations of graph and network algorithms and related data structures. It is compared to similar software packages such as BGL (Boost Graph Library) and LEDA, and has been found to be a viable alternative that typically outperforms them in efficiency. LEMON is also a method proposed for reconstructing local strains from gut metagenomics data at Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT) sites. It uses a graph-based approach and is implemented in a package named LEMON. The method accurately identifies transferred segments on reference sequences of the microbiome and can recover local strains with complicated structure variation. The accuracy of LEMON is validated by detecting gene fusion points in real data near HGT breakpoints.
What are the main citrus diseases?3 answersCitrus diseases have been major issues for citrus growing worldwide for many years. The most harmful citrus diseases are citrus canker, citrus greening, citrus black spot, and citrus leaf miner.These diseases can significantly reduce fruit quality and result in economic losses for the citrus industry.Citrus diseases exist all over the world where citrus is grown and can affect various parts of the citrus tree, including the roots, leaves, and fruit.Some citrus diseases are caused by viral agents like Citrus Tristeza virus and Citrus psorosis virus, while others are caused by viroids such as Hop stunt viroid and Citrus exocortis viroid.Citrus diseases can also be detected and classified using deep learning and image processing techniques, with common diseases including anthracnose, black spot, canker, scab, greening, and melanose.One of the most important and severe citrus diseases is citrus greening or huanglongbing, which has reduced fruit yields and quality worldwide.
What is the annual citrus production in the world?5 answersThe annual citrus production in the world is estimated to be more than 145 million tons. China, Brazil, the United States, Mexico, and India are the main producers of citrus.