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What is immunosupression therapy?

Multiple sclerosis

Neuromyelitis optica

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Immunosuppression therapy involves the use of medications to dampen the immune response in the body. This therapy is crucial in organ transplantation to prevent rejection. Different immunosuppressive regimens are tailored to target various aspects of the immune system, aiming to minimize both acute and chronic rejection. Commonly used medications include calcineurin inhibitors like tacrolimus and antiproliferative agents such as mycophenolate mofetil. However, newer drugs like proliferation signal inhibitors are being researched for their potential benefits in preventing rejection while preserving kidney function. Despite its benefits, immunosuppression can lead to significant side effects like myelosuppression, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease, necessitating careful monitoring and dose adjustments. In diseases like IgA Nephropathy, immunosuppression is gaining attention as a treatment modality, although its use is debated due to high rates of adverse reactions.

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Open access•Journal Article•DOI Immunosuppression in Multiple Sclerosis and Other Neurologic Disorders. Kaitlyn K. Thompson, Stella E. Tsirka - Show less +1 more 01 Oct 2021-Handbook of experimental pharmacology 1 Citations	Immunosuppression therapy involves using drugs to reduce immune activity. In multiple sclerosis and other neurological disorders, it helps minimize inflammation in the central nervous system.
Book Chapter•DOI Pediatric Heart Transplant Immunosuppression Boris Gershman 01 Jan 2023	Immunosuppression therapy in pediatric heart transplant involves peri-transplant induction with anti-thymocyte globulin, steroids, and maintenance dual or triple therapy targeting T cell activation to prevent rejection.
Book Chapter•DOI Immunosuppressive Drugs 01 Jan 2022	Immunosuppressive therapy inhibits immune responses, crucial in organ transplants. It poses risks like infections and cancers, requiring tailored regimens to balance benefits and harms, impacting disease recurrence.
Journal Article•DOI [Update: Immunosuppression in organ transplantation]. Daniela Kniepeiss, Alexander R. Rosenkranz, Peter Fickert, Peter Schemmer - Show less +3 more 01 Sep 2022-Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift	Immunosuppression therapy is crucial for successful organ transplantation, utilizing combination therapies to minimize side effects. This paper focuses on current practices post-liver and kidney transplants.

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What are immunosuppressive macrophages?4 answersImmunosuppressive macrophages, also known as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), are a predominant immune cell type found in various cancers, including breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. TAMs play a crucial role in promoting tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis while inhibiting anti-tumor immune responses. These macrophages exhibit an M2-like phenotype, characterized by immunosuppressive functions that help maintain the tumor microenvironment conducive to tumor progression. TAMs can be reprogrammed to an anti-tumor phenotype through various strategies, such as targeting specific receptors like TREM2 or modulating their metabolism, offering potential therapeutic avenues to enhance cancer treatment efficacy. Understanding and targeting immunosuppressive macrophages hold promise in overcoming resistance to therapies and improving patient outcomes in various malignancies.

What is immunotherapy?4 answersImmunotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that harnesses the power of the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. It aims to boost the body's natural defenses against cancer by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells more effectively. Immunotherapy uses substances made from living organisms to treat cancer and focuses on boosting the body's own immune response against cancer tumors. It is a promising anticancer therapy that shows potential for cancer treatment. Immunotherapy is also used in the management of infectious diseases, such as viral infections, and has shown promise in treating diseases like human immunodeficiency virus, malaria, tuberculosis, Zika virus, and coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Additionally, immunotherapy plays a key role in the treatment of allergic diseases, including allergen immunotherapy, which has been used for over a century.

What to do with immunosuppressant in active infection?5 answersImmunosuppressive therapy is commonly used to treat various gastrointestinal diseases and in the post-transplantation setting. However, the use of immunosuppressants in active infections poses a risk of worsening the infection. Physicians must adopt preventative strategies and have a high degree of suspicion to recognize infections early and treat appropriately. Infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms and the increasing number of immunocompromised patients have led to the development of immunotherapies as important treatment options. These therapies modulate the immune response and can help control infections. Immunomodulators, both natural and synthetic, can stimulate host defense mechanisms for the prophylaxis and treatment of various infectious diseases. They offer a novel adjunct to established antimicrobial therapies. With the increasing threat of pandemics and antibiotic resistance, there is a strong interest in the development of immunomodulatory therapies that target the host immune response. These therapies offer new approaches for the treatment of infectious diseases. Immunosuppressive drugs not only interfere with the immune response to infections but also affect the function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs). Understanding the effects of immunosuppressive drugs on PMNLs is important for managing infections.

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