What is phosphate buffer?
Best insight from top research papers
A phosphate buffer is a solution commonly used in biological research to maintain a constant pH. It typically consists of sodium chloride, sodium phosphate, potassium chloride, and potassium phosphate. Different formulations exist, such as one with protamine, which enhances stability and prolongs the buffer solution's activity. Another method focuses on preparing a phosphate buffer with low osmotic pressure, beneficial for drug solvents to reduce adverse reactions. In a study on saliva, phosphate buffer's significant role in maintaining oral health was highlighted, showing a negative correlation with caries incidence. Additionally, in analytical techniques like capillary electrophoresis, the use of phosphate buffer has shown improved separation efficiency and peak symmetry, especially when combined with atmospheric pressure photoionization for mass spectrometric detection.
Answers from top 5 papers
More filters
| Papers (5) | Insight |
|---|---|
| Phosphate buffer is shown to enhance separation efficiency and peak symmetry in capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry, offering advantages over ammonium formate buffer in pharmaceutical analysis. | |
| Phosphate buffer in saliva consists of primary and secondary phosphate, playing a significant role in caries evaluation. It shows a negative correlation with caries incidence in children. | |
| Phosphate buffer is prepared with low osmotic pressure by mixing sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, and sodium chloride in water, aiding in reducing adverse drug reactions due to osmotic pressure changes. | |
| Phosphate buffer is a solution prepared from phosphoric acid, sodium sulfate, phosphorus pentoxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, protamine, dimethyl sulfoxide, and water, enhancing stability and activity in cell culture. | |
| Phosphate buffer is a solution used in biological research, containing sodium chloride, sodium phosphate, and sometimes potassium chloride and phosphate, to maintain a constant pH for various applications. |
Related Questions
What is a dna buffer?5 answersA DNA buffer is a solution designed to regulate the concentration of DNA molecules in various molecular biology experiments. Different types of DNA buffers serve specific purposes in DNA-related procedures. For instance, oligonucleotide buffers are developed to maintain specific DNA sequence concentrations despite disturbances, ensuring stability and control. DNA dilution buffers aid in improving DNA distribution for accurate quantitative experiments. Buffers for nucleic acid amplification colorimetric reactions contain specific components to enhance amplification efficiency and enable visual detection of DNA in a shorter time. Additionally, DNA coating buffers facilitate the attachment of DNA onto surfaces for hybridization experiments, offering a simple and cost-effective method for large-scale DNA coating. RNA levels in the nucleus act as a buffer system to keep RNA binding proteins soluble, preventing aberrant phase transitions and cytotoxic aggregate formation.
What is a buffer in chemistry?5 answersA buffer in chemistry is a solution that helps control the pH of a system by minimizing changes in acidity or alkalinity. Buffers are composed of a weak acid or weak base and its conjugate salt, which work together to resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added to the system. Buffers are widely used in various fields such as biochemistry, analytical chemistry, and clinical chemistry. They are essential for maintaining the stability and functionality of chemical reactions and biological processes. Good et al. introduced the concept of hydrogen-ion buffers, which have become widely used in wet biochemistry. Buffers can also be used to control chemical reactions in non-aqueous solutions, expanding the range of compounds that can be synthesized.
What is the role of buffers in GIS?3 answersBuffers in GIS play a crucial role in spatial analysis, especially in conservation and planning applications. They are used to create setbacks between odor emitting sites and property lines, as well as between potential water pollution sources and water bodies, to improve air and water quality. Buffers are also essential for studying the effects of placing protective buffers around surface water bodies and setbacks from property lines, which can result in a significant amount of land being made unavailable for certain activities. Additionally, efficient techniques for data buffering in GIS clients have been developed to reduce user response time, ensuring interoperability throughout heterogeneous GIS servers and yielding significant performance improvement in GIS clients.
What is buffer?4 answersA buffer is a component used in various systems to temporarily store data or absorb energy. It can be implemented using different technologies such as switched capacitor or analog discrete time processing circuitry. In the context of a vacuum circuit breaker transmission connection, a buffer is used to connect between an insulating pull rod and a drive turning arm. It consists of a balance mechanism made up of U-shaped balanced pieces and blotter clamps, providing cushioning and buffering effects to absorb impact energy. In a system for handling flat products, a buffer is used to close gaps between adjacent products using a combination of fast and slower-moving chains or conveyors. Another type of buffer apparatus includes a sleeve, a buffer, and an elastic absorption component, which are used in railway vehicles for shock absorption. In a communication system, a buffer is used to store media packets when the transmitting or receiving device is unable to send or render them, respectively.
What is buffer acid?3 answersA buffer acid is a solution that is used to control the pH of a medium by minimizing pH variations through the effect of a common ion. It is composed of a mixture of a weak acid salt with a strong base and its respective weak acid, or a weak base salt with a strong acid and its respective weak base. Buffer acids can be used in various applications such as chemical and biochemical processes, desalting processes, cleaning agents, and pH balancing of fluids. In sludge management of wastewater treatment plants, buffer capacity is a critical parameter that determines acid/base usage, and sludge thickening can change the buffer capacity of sludge, affecting the efficiency and acid/base usage of sludge treatment. Buffering agents, including buffer acids, are widely used in soft matter and biological sciences to stabilize the pH of solutions and can interact with charged surfaces such as biomembranes.
How to prepare phosphate buffer of different pH?5 answersPhosphate buffers of different pH can be prepared by adjusting the concentration of phosphate ions and the pH of the solution. The electrochemical behavior of Cu in different phosphate buffers was studied, and it was found that at pH 6.0 and 8.0, the passivation of Cu is due to the anodic formation of a basic Cu(II) phosphate. In borate and phosphate buffer solutions at pH 8.4, the reduction of the passive film on iron leads to different reactions. In borate buffer, the passive film is completely dissolved, resulting in soluble Fe(2+), while in phosphate buffer, the reduction product is metallic iron. Amorphous calcium-magnesium phosphates were prepared by precipitation from moderately supersaturated aqueous solutions at pH 7, and the proportion of protonated phosphate ions increased with the magnesium to calcium ion activity ratio. The pH of buffer solutions without chloride ions and with saline media of ionic strength I = 0.16 molkg-1 can be calculated and determined for use as standards in the physiological pH range.