How far has research on calorimetric nanophotonic biosensors gone?5 answersResearch on calorimetric nanophotonic biosensors has made significant progress. Studies have explored various aspects such as enhancing biosensing capabilities, utilizing ratiometric optical probes for self-calibration and improved sensitivity, developing miniaturized optical biosensors for fast and multiplex sensing of analytes, engineering nanostructure geometry for precise optical delivery of nanosensors, and introducing robust sensors based on nanophotonic random spectrometers for determining ultra-low analyte concentrations. These advancements showcase the evolution of nanophotonic biosensors towards improved sensitivity, specificity, miniaturization, and robustness, making them promising tools for a wide range of applications in biomedical sensing, material analysis, and theranostics.
What are the current trends in biosensor research?4 answersBiosensor research is currently focused on several trends. One trend is the use of biosensors for the detection of biotoxins in food, feed, seafood, and medicine, with an emphasis on optical, electrochemical, piezoelectric, and photothermal applications. Another trend is the development of aptasensors, which are biosensors that utilize aptamers as biological recognition elements, for rapid detection in point-of-care applications or on-site monitoring. Plasmonics and surface plasmon resonance-based biosensors are also gaining popularity, particularly in the field of health surveillance, due to their high sensitivity and potential for label-free detection. Additionally, there is a focus on the use of new materials such as carbon nano-onions, metal-organic frameworks, and biopolymers for biosensor manufacturing and design, with the aim of creating portable and implementable devices for various sectors. Finally, biosensors are being developed for the detection of environmental contaminants, using various detection principles such as amperometry, conductometry, and luminescence.
How can nanosensors be used to detect foodborne pathogens, contaminants, and spoilage makers?5 answersNanosensors have emerged as a promising alternative for the detection of foodborne pathogens, contaminants, and spoilage markers. They offer advantages such as easy fabrication, high surface-to-volume ratio, and great biocompatibility. Nanosensors/nanobiosensors have been explored as a more effective, rapid, and operationally stable method for the detection of foodborne pathogens. Electrochemical nanosensors, particularly those based on nanostructured materials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metal oxides, have shown high sensitivity and precision in the detection of pathogenic bacteria in food matrices. Nanomaterial-based optical biosensors, including quantum dots, upconversion nanoparticles, and metal and metal oxides nanoparticles, have been used for the optical monitoring of foodborne and waterborne bacteria. Near infrared (NIR) fluorescent nanosensors based on single-walled carbon nanotubes have been developed for the detection of metabolites and specific virulence factors, allowing for remote imaging of important bacteria.
How can nanosensors be used to detect foodborne pathogens?5 answersNanosensors have emerged as a promising alternative for the detection of foodborne pathogens. They offer advantages such as easy fabrication, high surface-to-volume ratio, and great biocompatibility. Nanosensors, specifically nanobiosensors, have been shown to be more efficient and accurate than conventional biosensors in detecting pathogenic microorganisms, biological toxins, and chemical toxins in food. Electrochemical nanosensors, which utilize nanostructured materials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metal oxides, have been extensively explored for the rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria in food matrices. Additionally, the integration of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties with spin-spin magnetic relaxation (T2 MR) technology has led to the development of magneto-plasmonic nanosensors (MPnS) that can detect foodborne pathogens, such as E. coli O157:H7, with high sensitivity and precision. Overall, nanosensors offer a more effective, rapid, and stable method for the detection of foodborne pathogens.
What is the limit of detection for the biotin detection method?3 answersThe limit of detection for the biotin detection method is 0.03 nM.
Double-Gate Nanowire Field Effect Transistor for a Biosensor3 answersA double-gate nanowire field effect transistor (FET) has been demonstrated for biosensor applications. The use of separated double-gates allows for independent voltage control and modulation of the channel potential, enhancing the detection sensitivity. By applying a weakly positive bias to the secondary gate (G2), the sensing window is significantly broadened compared to using only the primary gate (G1). This double-gate configuration enables the detection of charge effects arising from biomolecules without the need for a labeling process. Additionally, the channel element of the biosensor is substantially fully depleted, allowing for electrostatic coupling between the first and second gate elements, which modifies the electrical conductivity of the channel. These findings suggest that a double-gate nanowire FET can serve as an electrically working biosensor with enhanced sensitivity and detection capabilities.