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What is the effect of a low emission zone on modal shift ? 


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The implementation of a low emission zone (LEZ) can have a significant impact on modal shift. Studies have shown that LEZs can lead to a shift in vehicle registrations towards alternative fuel technologies, such as fossil fuel-powered alternative fuel vehicles (AFV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) rather than zero-emission vehicles, ultimately not significantly reducing CO2 emissions from the vehicle fleet . Additionally, the practical transformation effect of modal shift from road to rail transportation has been highlighted, showcasing benefits in terms of reducing CO2 emissions, social costs, and logistics costs, especially in scenarios like container cargo transportation between specific areas . Therefore, while LEZs can stimulate the transition to low-emission vehicles, a more comprehensive approach, including true zero-emission zones and modal shift to rail, is essential for effectively reducing emissions and promoting sustainable transportation practices.

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The Low Emission Zone can impact modal shift by encouraging a switch to cleaner transportation modes, as part of its mechanisms for reducing air pollution in urban areas.
Low-emission zones, like Rotterdam's case study, show a 50% decrease in polluting cars. However, significant modal shifts require integrated policies with diverse sustainable mobility options.
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