What percentage of pregnancies end up in post-partum hemorrhage in low- and middle-income countries?Â
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In low- and middle-income countries, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) varies significantly. Studies have shown that the incidence of PPH in these regions can be as high as 74.6% . Furthermore, it has been highlighted that PPH is the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality globally, affecting 1-5% of deliveries in both developed and developing countries . The risk factors associated with PPH include maternal age, parity status, anemia, history of previous cesarean section, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes, abruptio placentae, and prolonged labor . These findings underscore the critical importance of monitoring and addressing these risk factors to enhance vigilance during labor and improve preparedness for managing PPH in all women giving birth in low- and middle-income countries.
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| Papers (5) | Insight |
|---|---|
| Approximately 74.6% of pregnancies in low-income countries experience postpartum hemorrhage, with trauma being the leading cause and a mortality rate of 17.5%. | |
5Â Citations | Approximately 32% of maternal deaths following caesarean sections in low- and middle-income countries are attributed to post-partum hemorrhage. |
| In low- and middle-income countries, post-partum hemorrhage occurs in a significant percentage of pregnancies, with hemorrhage being the leading cause of maternal death globally. | |
| In low- and middle-income countries, postpartum hemorrhage can occur in 1-5% of deliveries, making it a significant concern for maternal health. | |
| In low- and middle-income countries, women receiving midwifery-led care had a significantly lower rate of postpartum hemorrhage, indicating a positive impact on pregnancy outcomes. |
Related Questions
How does uterine atony lead to postpartum hemorrhage?5 answersUterine atony, a condition where the uterus fails to contract effectively after childbirth, is a primary cause of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) due to excessive bleeding. Various risk factors contribute to uterine atony, including short inter-pregnancy intervals, prolonged labor, multiple births, pre-delivery anemia, macrosomia, grand parity, advanced maternal age, anemia, uterine overdistention, accelerated labor, and previous history of PPH. The diagnosis of uterine atony is clinical, focusing on excluding traumatic bleeding and ensuring uterine contraction. Treatment involves interventions like oxytocin, carbetocin, prostaglandins, uterine massage, and surgical techniques like balloon tamponade or hysterectomy. Addressing these risk factors and ensuring timely and appropriate management are crucial in preventing and managing PPH associated with uterine atony.
What is postpartum hemorrhage?5 answersPostpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a significant obstetric emergency characterized by blood loss exceeding 1000 mL or blood loss with signs of hypovolemia within 24 hours of delivery. It is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity, necessitating timely management. Successful treatment of PPH relies on early identification and intervention, emphasizing the importance of standardized evaluation strategies for accurate blood loss assessment and classification of hemorrhage. Common causes of PPH include uterine atony, genital trauma, retained placenta, uterine inversion, and placenta accreta, highlighting the critical and multifaceted nature of PPH management. Prompt management of obstetric hemorrhage is crucial for maternal well-being and survival, requiring a multidisciplinary approach regardless of the delivery route.
What are the causes of postpartum hemorrhage?4 answersPostpartum hemorrhage (PPH) can be caused by various factors including uterine atony, genital trauma, retained placenta, coagulation disorders, and complications related to labor and delivery. Uterine atony, where the uterus fails to contract after childbirth, is a common cause of PPH. Genital tract trauma, such as lacerations, hematomas, or ruptures, can also lead to excessive bleeding postpartum. Retained placental tissue and invasive placenta are additional contributors to PPH. Moreover, coagulation disorders, including disturbances in platelets or coagulation factors, should not be overlooked as potential causes of postpartum hemorrhage. Proper management of these underlying causes is crucial in preventing severe maternal morbidity and mortality associated with PPH.
What are the maternal and foetal health outcomes in low and middle income countires?5 answersMaternal and fetal health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) vary significantly based on different interventions and care models. Studies suggest that improving respectful maternal and newborn care (RMNC) through the development of a Core Outcome Set (COS) can enhance the quality of care. Additionally, midwifery-led care has shown positive impacts on pregnancy outcomes in LMICs, including reduced rates of postpartum hemorrhage, birth asphyxia, and emergency Caesarean sections. Technology-based health care interventions (TBIs), such as SMS text messaging or phone call interventions, have been identified as effective in improving maternal and child health outcomes in LMICs, including increased antenatal care visits, facility deliveries, and early breastfeeding initiation. These interventions collectively contribute to addressing the challenges and improving maternal and fetal health outcomes in LMICs.
How does climate change affect pregnancy outcomes in low- and middle-income countries? a cohort study?5 answersClimate change has been shown to have significant impacts on pregnancy outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. Studies have found that exposure to extreme temperatures during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of reduced birth weight and low birth weight (LBW). Anthropogenic climate change has been found to contribute to a significant proportion of extreme heat-related LBWs in certain regions, such as Southern Asia, Western Africa, and Eastern Africa. Additionally, heat stress caused by increasing ambient temperatures can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, stillbirth, and low fetal weight. The endocrine system, which plays a crucial role in pregnancy, is particularly affected by heat stress, potentially leading to hormonal dysregulation and disruptions in other systems, such as the immune response. Exposure to hot days has also been found to impact pregnancy outcomes, even after considering individual-level characteristics, in sub-Saharan Africa. Overall, climate change poses a significant threat to successful reproduction and the health of pregnant women and their fetuses in low- and middle-income countries.
How does climate change affect pregnancy outcomes in low- and middle-income countries?5 answersClimate change has a significant impact on pregnancy outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. Exposure to hot days during pregnancy increases the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes, including miscarriages, stillbirths, and low birth weights. Additionally, climate change and climate-related disasters contribute to the presence of mental disorders among individuals living in these countries. Pregnant women, the developing fetus, and young children are particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, leading to increased risks of infant and maternal mortality, birth complications, and poorer reproductive health. Furthermore, the revenue leaks and tax abuses facilitated by higher-income countries drain crucial resources from lower-income countries, exacerbating their vulnerability to climate change and hindering their ability to handle the crisis effectively. Overall, climate change poses significant challenges to pregnancy outcomes in low- and middle-income countries, highlighting the urgent need for global intervention and support to increase climate change resilience and protect the health of vulnerable populations.