What role does extrachromosomal circular DNA play in plant biology?
Best insight from top research papers
Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) plays a significant role in plant biology. It has been found to be present in various plant species, including fungal plant pathogens and crop weeds. EccDNA can contain genes and increase their copy number, providing a source of phenotypic and genotypic plasticity . It has been observed that eccDNA is associated with transposon activity and tRNA genes, suggesting its involvement in stress response and protein synthesis regulation . EccDNA has been shown to be a product of genomic instability and has important biological functions, including its involvement in the occurrence of diseases like cancer . In plants, eccDNA has been found to contribute to gene amplification, which is a response to selective pressures such as herbicide resistance . Overall, eccDNA in plants is a dynamic and important component of genome plasticity and adaptation to environmental challenges.
Answers from top 5 papers
More filters
| Papers (5) | Insight |
|---|---|
| The provided paper discusses the role of extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) in Amaranthus palmeri. It shows that eccDNA harbors multiple genes, including the EPSPS gene, and may contribute to gene amplification and glyphosate resistance in plants. | |
| The provided paper does not mention the role of extrachromosomal circular DNA in plant biology. | |
| The provided paper discusses the role of extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) in the amplification and transmission of herbicide resistance in the crop weed Amaranthus palmeri. However, it does not specifically address the role of eccDNA in plant biology beyond this context. | |
| The paper does not specifically mention the role of extrachromosomal circular DNA in plant biology. | |
23 Citations | The paper does not explicitly mention the role of extrachromosomal circular DNA in plant biology. |
Related Questions
What is a PCGs in plants biology?4 answersIn plant biology, PCGs (Polygalacturonases) are enzymes that play a crucial role in pectin disassembly within the cell wall. These enzymes belong to a large hydrolase family and are involved in various physiological processes in plants. Studies have identified 99 PG genes in Brassica rapa, showcasing the diversity and importance of this enzyme family. Phylogenetic analysis has classified plant PGs into seven distinct clades, each with specific sequence characteristics and evolutionary pressures. Genomic distribution analysis suggests that duplication events and biased retention have contributed to the expansion of the PG gene family. Furthermore, expression analysis in B. rapa indicates that different PG clades exhibit specific expression patterns, with a significant association between regulatory and coding sequence evolution of PGs. This comprehensive understanding of PGs in plants aids in their classification, evolutionary study, and functional research.
What is the connection between dna and extracellular vesicles?5 answersExtracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in the transmission of DNA. EVs are secreted by cells and contain various biomolecules, including DNA. These EVs can transfer genetic material, such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), between cells and organisms. The packaging and release of EVs is a bulk-flow process that occurs under extreme conditions. In the context of cancer, EV secretion is higher in tumor microenvironments, promoting tumor progression and metastasis. In the case of maternal endometrial EVs, they can contain mtDNA and be transferred to the pre-implantation embryo. This transfer of mtDNA through EVs can affect bioenergetics and mitochondrial function in the embryo. Overall, the connection between DNA and extracellular vesicles lies in the ability of EVs to transport genetic material, including mtDNA, between cells and organisms, impacting genome evolution and tumorigenesis.
Why circular RNAs are important to study for cancer?5 answersCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are important to study for cancer because they have been found to play significant roles in various aspects of cancer development and progression. Firstly, circRNAs have been shown to encode peptides or proteins through cap-independent translation mechanisms, which can contribute to the occurrence and development of cancer. Secondly, circRNAs have been found to have specific functions in different types of cancer. For example, in B-cell lymphoma, circPVT1 and circZDHHC11 have been shown to support cell growth. In prostate cancer, circRNAs have been implicated in regulating tumor progression, treatment resistance, and therapeutic response. In colorectal cancer, circRNAs have been associated with gene regulation and cellular processes such as proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis. Lastly, circRNAs have been identified as potential regulators of cancer immunotherapy, highlighting their importance in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, studying circRNAs can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of cancer development and potentially lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
What are the different types of eccDNAs in plants?5 answersEccDNAs, or extrachromosomal circular DNAs, have been studied in various plant species. Different types of eccDNAs have been identified in plants such as wheat, rice, maize, rye, oat, fescue, ryegrass, orchard grass, bluestem grass, sugarcane, asparagus, celery, chicory, coriander, cucumber, okra, carrot, banana, cotton, peanut, soybean, Limnanthes, Sinapis, Arabidopsis, Bellevalia, Brimeura, Dendrophthos, Fagopyrum, Ranunculus, Rumex, Freesia, Hemerocallis, Coptis, Panax, and Rauwolfia. However, the specific types of eccDNAs present in these plants have not been mentioned in the abstracts provided. Further research and studies are needed to determine the specific types of eccDNAs in different plant species.
What are the potential functions of extrachromosomal circular DNA in plants?4 answersExtrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) in plants has been found to have potential functions in stress response, adaptation, and phenotypic variations. It is considered to be regulated by different genomic loci and can contribute to the development of cell physiological activities. Additionally, eccDNA has been shown to play a role in epigenetic remodeling, telomere trimming, and the regulation of canonical signaling pathways. In the context of cancer, eccDNA has been implicated in tumor initiation, malignant progression, and heterogeneous evolution. Furthermore, eccDNA has been demonstrated to function in telomere and rDNA maintenance, aging, drug resistance, and tumorigenesis in plants and animals. Overall, eccDNA in plants has diverse potential functions and further research is needed to fully understand its role in plant biology.
How works DNA duplication in plants?5 answersDNA duplication in plants involves ancient duplication events, high retention rates of duplicate genes, and recent whole-genome duplications. These duplications have contributed to the evolution of novel functions and important agronomic traits in crop species. Plant genomic studies have revealed similarities and unique aspects of DNA replication control in plants, offering opportunities for comparative analysis with other organisms. Gene duplication has played a significant role in the evolution of phenotypic novelty in plants, with the functional characteristics of genes and the source of duplication influencing evolutionary outcomes. The angiosperms, or flowering plants, have undergone chromosomal duplication or triplication, providing a model system to study the consequences of genome duplication. The diversity of plant genomes, including variations in genome size and chromosome number, further highlights the complexity of DNA replication in higher plants.