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What type of clay would be good for adsorbing copper as a contaminant? 


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Bentonite clay, specifically montmorillonite clay, is good for adsorbing copper as a contaminant . The adsorption of copper ions on bentonite clay has been studied extensively, and it has been found that the Langmuir adsorption isotherm is more preferable for describing the adsorption process . Bentonite clay has a high sorption capacity for copper ions, and the adsorption increases with temperature . Additionally, the use of organic amendments, such as organic matter and dolomite, in combination with bentonite clay has been found to enhance the stability of copper and decrease its bioavailability in contaminated soils . Overall, montmorillonite clay, specifically bentonite clay, is a suitable option for adsorbing copper as a contaminant due to its high sorption capacity and ability to reduce the bioavailability of copper in soils .

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The study used natural clay from the Felix geothermal area to assess the removal of copper from wastewaters.

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Where is copper used?4 answersCopper finds diverse applications across various fields. It is extensively utilized in electrical, light industry, machinery manufacturing, transportation, construction, national defense, and information and communication sectors. In nurseries, copper is used as a fungicide and fertilizer for seedlings, with specific soil and irrigation requirements for optimal growth. Moreover, copper is an essential nutrient for plants, animals, and humans, playing a crucial role in protein synthesis, although excess copper can be harmful to health. The antimicrobial properties of copper are harnessed in medical settings, industrial equipment, and plumbing systems to prevent and control biofilm formation, showcasing its versatility and effectiveness in various applications. Additionally, copper is valued in analytical and industrial fields for its thermal and electrical properties, leading to the development of innovative sensors for environmental, technological, and medical purposes.
How does the addition of clay to mining soil affect metals mobility?4 answersThe addition of clay to mining soil has been shown to decrease the mobility of heavy metals. Bentonite, zeolite, pyrophyllite, kaolinite, and vermiculite have all been studied as clay amendments. Bentonite addition reduced the mobility of zinc and copper, as well as the concentration in leachate, thus reducing potential contamination risks. Zeolite and pyrophyllite treatments were effective in reducing the mobility of cadmium and lead in soil, resulting in lower accumulation of heavy metals in plants. Kaolinite and vermiculite additions decreased the plant availability of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) such as arsenic, cadmium, and lead, but increased the availability of zinc. These findings suggest that clay amendments can effectively decrease the mobility and availability of heavy metals in mining soil, reducing the risk of contamination and potential harm to plants.
How much copper can bentonite clay remove per gram of clay?4 answersBentonite clay has the ability to remove copper ions from aqueous solutions. The maximum adsorption capacity of copper by bentonite clay ranges from 12.92 mg/g to 61.72 mg/g. The specific value depends on the type of bentonite clay used and the experimental conditions. The studies conducted on bentonite clay from different sources, including Algerian and Brazilian clays, have shown that the adsorption capacity of copper can be enhanced through modification of the clay. The adsorption of copper ions by bentonite clay follows the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms, indicating a favorable adsorption process. The kinetic studies suggest that the adsorption of copper ions on bentonite clay follows a pseudo-second order model. Overall, bentonite clay has the potential to effectively remove copper ions from aqueous solutions, making it a promising adsorbent for copper removal.
How can copper be removed from water?5 answersCopper can be removed from water using various methods such as adsorption, chemical precipitation, ion exchange, membrane filtration, and biotechnology. Adsorption is an effective and environmentally friendly method, and natural materials like banana peels, activated soil, and silica-stabilized amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) have been used as adsorbents. Polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF) with polyacrylic acid (PAA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymers has also shown high copper removal efficiency. Other techniques include membrane separation, chemical precipitation, electrochemistry, and biotechnology. Additionally, chitosan-based resins and glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan (GCC) copolymer have been studied for copper removal. The optimal conditions for copper removal vary depending on the method used, including factors such as pH, adsorbent dose, initial concentration, and contact time. Overall, these studies highlight the importance of developing low-cost and sustainable technologies for copper removal from water sources.
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