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Why do diabetic patients experience higher free fatty acid levels? 


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Diabetic patients experience higher free fatty acid (FFA) levels due to various factors. Elevated FFA levels are associated with insulin resistance (IR) and the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). FFA levels are significantly higher in T2DM patients compared to healthy individuals, indicating a potential role in the development and complications of diabetes. In patients with T2DM complicated by coronary heart disease, plasma FFA levels are positively correlated with traditional risk factors of cardiovascular disease, highlighting their contribution to cardiovascular complications in diabetes. Moreover, in diabetic patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), higher FFA concentrations are linked to increased risks of IR, prediabetes, and T2DM, emphasizing the impact of FFAs on diabetes development in the presence of NAFLD.

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Diabetic patients experience higher free fatty acid levels due to impaired insulin signaling, leading to increased lipolysis and elevated circulating FFAs, contributing to insulin resistance and diabetes development.
Diabetic patients have elevated free fatty acid levels due to their association with cardiovascular risk factors, making them independent risk factors for coronary heart disease in type 2 diabetes.
Diabetic patients experience higher free fatty acid levels due to their association with the presence and severity of coronary and carotid atherosclerotic plaque, indicating a potential biomarker for disease management.
Diabetic patients have elevated free fatty acid levels due to downregulated carbohydrate metabolism, linking obesity to type 2 diabetes mellitus development, as shown in the study.
Diabetic patients experience higher free fatty acid levels due to their association with elevated iron levels, contributing to insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes pathogenesis.

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What are the effects of free fatty acids on the physiology of aquatic species?5 answersFree fatty acids (FFAs) have significant effects on the physiology of aquatic species. FFAs are essential components of cell membranes and serve as a major source of nutrients and energy in aquatic food webs. In aquatic invertebrates, environmental stressors can disrupt lipid metabolism and homeostasis, affecting their normal life cycle. Manipulating the tissue lipids of farmed fish by feeding them different natural oils can have significant effects on their respiratory and cardiovascular physiology. Fish with tissue lipids rich in highly unsaturated FFAs (n-3HUFAs) have lower metabolic rates and increased tolerance to hypoxia compared to fish with tissues rich in saturated FFAs (SFAs). Additionally, the combination of FFAs and iron in tobacco smoke can contribute to chronic pulmonary inflammation and carcinogenesis. Overall, FFAs play a crucial role in the physiology and health of aquatic species, and their effects can be influenced by environmental stressors and dietary intake.

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